1 | /* $NetBSD: printf.c,v 1.31 2005/03/22 23:55:46 dsl Exp $ */
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2 |
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3 | /*
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4 | * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
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5 | * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
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6 | *
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7 | * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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8 | * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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9 | * are met:
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10 | * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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11 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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12 | * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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13 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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14 | * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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15 | * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
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16 | * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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17 | * without specific prior written permission.
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18 | *
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19 | * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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20 | * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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21 | * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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22 | * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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23 | * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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24 | * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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25 | * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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26 | * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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27 | * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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28 | * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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29 | * SUCH DAMAGE.
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30 | */
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31 |
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32 | #include <sys/cdefs.h>
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33 | #ifndef lint
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34 | #if !defined(BUILTIN) && !defined(SHELL)
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35 | __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
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36 | The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n");
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37 | #endif
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38 | #endif
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39 |
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40 | #ifndef lint
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41 | #if 0
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42 | static char sccsid[] = "@(#)printf.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 3/22/95";
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43 | #else
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44 | __RCSID("$NetBSD: printf.c,v 1.31 2005/03/22 23:55:46 dsl Exp $");
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45 | #endif
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46 | #endif /* not lint */
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47 |
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48 | #include <sys/types.h>
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49 |
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50 | #include <ctype.h>
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51 | #include <err.h>
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52 | #include <errno.h>
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53 | #include <inttypes.h>
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54 | #include <limits.h>
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55 | #include <locale.h>
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56 | #include <stdarg.h>
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57 | #include <stdio.h>
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58 | #include <stdlib.h>
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59 | #include <string.h>
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60 | #include <unistd.h>
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61 |
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62 | #ifdef __GNUC__
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63 | #define ESCAPE '\e'
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64 | #else
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65 | #define ESCAPE 033
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66 | #endif
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67 |
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68 | static void conv_escape_str(char *, void (*)(int));
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69 | static char *conv_escape(char *, char *);
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70 | static char *conv_expand(const char *);
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71 | static int getchr(void);
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72 | static double getdouble(void);
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73 | static int getwidth(void);
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74 | static intmax_t getintmax(void);
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75 | static uintmax_t getuintmax(void);
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76 | static char *getstr(void);
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77 | static char *mklong(const char *, int);
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78 | static void check_conversion(const char *, const char *);
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79 | static void usage(void);
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80 |
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81 | static void b_count(int);
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82 | static void b_output(int);
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83 | static size_t b_length;
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84 | static char *b_fmt;
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85 |
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86 | static int rval;
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87 | static char **gargv;
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88 |
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89 | #ifdef BUILTIN /* csh builtin */
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90 | #define main progprintf
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91 | #endif
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92 |
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93 | #ifdef SHELL /* sh (aka ash) builtin */
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94 | #define main printfcmd
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95 | #include "../../bin/sh/bltin/bltin.h"
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96 | #endif /* SHELL */
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97 |
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98 | #define PF(f, func) { \
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99 | if (fieldwidth != -1) { \
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100 | if (precision != -1) \
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101 | (void)printf(f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \
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102 | else \
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103 | (void)printf(f, fieldwidth, func); \
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104 | } else if (precision != -1) \
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105 | (void)printf(f, precision, func); \
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106 | else \
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107 | (void)printf(f, func); \
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108 | }
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109 |
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110 | #define APF(cpp, f, func) { \
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111 | if (fieldwidth != -1) { \
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112 | if (precision != -1) \
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113 | (void)asprintf(cpp, f, fieldwidth, precision, func); \
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114 | else \
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115 | (void)asprintf(cpp, f, fieldwidth, func); \
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116 | } else if (precision != -1) \
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117 | (void)asprintf(cpp, f, precision, func); \
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118 | else \
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119 | (void)asprintf(cpp, f, func); \
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120 | }
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121 |
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122 | int main(int, char **);
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123 | int main(int argc, char *argv[])
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124 | {
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125 | char *fmt, *start;
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126 | int fieldwidth, precision;
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127 | char nextch;
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128 | char *format;
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129 | int ch;
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130 |
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131 | #if !defined(SHELL) && !defined(BUILTIN)
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132 | (void)setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
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133 | #endif
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134 |
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135 | while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != -1) {
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136 | switch (ch) {
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137 | case '?':
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138 | default:
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139 | usage();
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140 | return 1;
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141 | }
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142 | }
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143 | argc -= optind;
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144 | argv += optind;
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145 |
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146 | if (argc < 1) {
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147 | usage();
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148 | return 1;
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149 | }
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150 |
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151 | format = *argv;
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152 | gargv = ++argv;
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153 |
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154 | #define SKIP1 "#-+ 0"
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155 | #define SKIP2 "*0123456789"
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156 | do {
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157 | /*
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158 | * Basic algorithm is to scan the format string for conversion
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159 | * specifications -- once one is found, find out if the field
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160 | * width or precision is a '*'; if it is, gather up value.
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161 | * Note, format strings are reused as necessary to use up the
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162 | * provided arguments, arguments of zero/null string are
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163 | * provided to use up the format string.
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164 | */
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165 |
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166 | /* find next format specification */
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167 | for (fmt = format; (ch = *fmt++) != '\0';) {
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168 | if (ch == '\\') {
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169 | char c_ch;
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170 | fmt = conv_escape(fmt, &c_ch);
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171 | putchar(c_ch);
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172 | continue;
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173 | }
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174 | if (ch != '%' || (*fmt == '%' && ++fmt)) {
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175 | (void)putchar(ch);
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176 | continue;
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177 | }
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178 |
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179 | /* Ok - we've found a format specification,
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180 | Save its address for a later printf(). */
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181 | start = fmt - 1;
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182 |
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183 | /* skip to field width */
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184 | fmt += strspn(fmt, SKIP1);
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185 | fieldwidth = *fmt == '*' ? getwidth() : -1;
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186 |
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187 | /* skip to possible '.', get following precision */
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188 | fmt += strspn(fmt, SKIP2);
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189 | if (*fmt == '.')
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190 | ++fmt;
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191 | precision = *fmt == '*' ? getwidth() : -1;
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192 |
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193 | fmt += strspn(fmt, SKIP2);
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194 |
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195 | ch = *fmt;
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196 | if (!ch) {
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197 | warnx("missing format character");
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198 | return (1);
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199 | }
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200 | /* null terminate format string to we can use it
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201 | as an argument to printf. */
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202 | nextch = fmt[1];
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203 | fmt[1] = 0;
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204 | switch (ch) {
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205 |
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206 | case 'B': {
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207 | const char *p = conv_expand(getstr());
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208 | *fmt = 's';
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209 | PF(start, p);
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210 | break;
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211 | }
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212 | case 'b': {
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213 | /* There has to be a better way to do this,
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214 | * but the string we generate might have
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215 | * embedded nulls. */
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216 | static char *a, *t;
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217 | char *cp = getstr();
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218 | /* Free on entry in case shell longjumped out */
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219 | if (a != NULL)
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220 | free(a);
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221 | a = NULL;
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222 | if (t != NULL)
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223 | free(t);
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224 | t = NULL;
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225 | /* Count number of bytes we want to output */
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226 | b_length = 0;
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227 | conv_escape_str(cp, b_count);
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228 | t = malloc(b_length + 1);
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229 | if (t == NULL)
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230 | break;
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231 | memset(t, 'x', b_length);
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232 | t[b_length] = 0;
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233 | /* Get printf to calculate the lengths */
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234 | *fmt = 's';
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235 | APF(&a, start, t);
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236 | b_fmt = a;
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237 | /* Output leading spaces and data bytes */
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238 | conv_escape_str(cp, b_output);
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239 | /* Add any trailing spaces */
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240 | printf("%s", b_fmt);
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241 | break;
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242 | }
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243 | case 'c': {
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244 | char p = getchr();
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245 | PF(start, p);
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246 | break;
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247 | }
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248 | case 's': {
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249 | char *p = getstr();
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250 | PF(start, p);
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251 | break;
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252 | }
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253 | case 'd':
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254 | case 'i': {
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255 | intmax_t p = getintmax();
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256 | char *f = mklong(start, ch);
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257 | PF(f, p);
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258 | break;
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259 | }
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260 | case 'o':
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261 | case 'u':
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262 | case 'x':
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263 | case 'X': {
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264 | uintmax_t p = getuintmax();
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265 | char *f = mklong(start, ch);
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266 | PF(f, p);
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267 | break;
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268 | }
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269 | case 'e':
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270 | case 'E':
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271 | case 'f':
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272 | case 'g':
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273 | case 'G': {
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274 | double p = getdouble();
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275 | PF(start, p);
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276 | break;
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277 | }
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278 | default:
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279 | warnx("%s: invalid directive", start);
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280 | return 1;
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281 | }
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282 | *fmt++ = ch;
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283 | *fmt = nextch;
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284 | /* escape if a \c was encountered */
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285 | if (rval & 0x100)
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286 | return rval & ~0x100;
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287 | }
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288 | } while (gargv != argv && *gargv);
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289 |
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290 | return rval;
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291 | }
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292 |
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293 | /* helper functions for conv_escape_str */
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294 |
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295 | static void
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296 | /*ARGSUSED*/
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297 | b_count(int ch)
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298 | {
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299 | b_length++;
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300 | }
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301 |
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302 | /* Output one converted character for every 'x' in the 'format' */
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303 |
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304 | static void
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305 | b_output(int ch)
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306 | {
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307 | for (;;) {
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308 | switch (*b_fmt++) {
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309 | case 0:
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310 | b_fmt--;
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311 | return;
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312 | case ' ':
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313 | putchar(' ');
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314 | break;
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315 | default:
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316 | putchar(ch);
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317 | return;
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318 | }
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319 | }
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320 | }
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321 |
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322 |
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323 | /*
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324 | * Print SysV echo(1) style escape string
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325 | * Halts processing string if a \c escape is encountered.
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326 | */
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327 | static void
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328 | conv_escape_str(char *str, void (*do_putchar)(int))
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329 | {
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330 | int value;
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331 | int ch;
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332 | char c;
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333 |
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334 | while ((ch = *str++) != '\0') {
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335 | if (ch != '\\') {
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336 | do_putchar(ch);
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337 | continue;
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338 | }
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339 |
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340 | ch = *str++;
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341 | if (ch == 'c') {
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342 | /* \c as in SYSV echo - abort all processing.... */
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343 | rval |= 0x100;
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344 | break;
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345 | }
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346 |
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347 | /*
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348 | * %b string octal constants are not like those in C.
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349 | * They start with a \0, and are followed by 0, 1, 2,
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350 | * or 3 octal digits.
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351 | */
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352 | if (ch == '0') {
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353 | int octnum = 0, i;
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354 | for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
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355 | if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*str) || *str > '7')
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356 | break;
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357 | octnum = (octnum << 3) | (*str++ - '0');
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358 | }
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359 | do_putchar(octnum);
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360 | continue;
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361 | }
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362 |
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363 | /* \[M][^|-]C as defined by vis(3) */
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364 | if (ch == 'M' && *str == '-') {
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365 | do_putchar(0200 | str[1]);
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366 | str += 2;
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367 | continue;
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368 | }
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369 | if (ch == 'M' && *str == '^') {
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370 | str++;
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371 | value = 0200;
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372 | ch = '^';
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373 | } else
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374 | value = 0;
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375 | if (ch == '^') {
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376 | ch = *str++;
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377 | if (ch == '?')
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378 | value |= 0177;
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379 | else
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380 | value |= ch & 037;
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381 | do_putchar(value);
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382 | continue;
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383 | }
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384 |
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385 | /* Finally test for sequences valid in the format string */
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386 | str = conv_escape(str - 1, &c);
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387 | do_putchar(c);
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388 | }
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389 | }
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390 |
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391 | /*
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392 | * Print "standard" escape characters
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393 | */
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394 | static char *
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395 | conv_escape(char *str, char *conv_ch)
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396 | {
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397 | int value;
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398 | int ch;
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399 | char num_buf[4], *num_end;
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400 |
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401 | ch = *str++;
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402 |
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403 | switch (ch) {
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404 | case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
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405 | case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
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406 | num_buf[0] = ch;
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407 | ch = str[0];
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408 | num_buf[1] = ch;
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409 | num_buf[2] = ch ? str[1] : 0;
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410 | num_buf[3] = 0;
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411 | value = strtoul(num_buf, &num_end, 8);
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412 | str += num_end - (num_buf + 1);
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413 | break;
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414 |
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415 | case 'x':
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416 | /* Hexadecimal character constants are not required to be
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417 | supported (by SuS v1) because there is no consistent
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418 | way to detect the end of the constant.
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419 | Supporting 2 byte constants is a compromise. */
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420 | ch = str[0];
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421 | num_buf[0] = ch;
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422 | num_buf[1] = ch ? str[1] : 0;
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423 | num_buf[2] = 0;
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424 | value = strtoul(num_buf, &num_end, 16);
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425 | str += num_end - num_buf;
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426 | break;
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427 |
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428 | case '\\': value = '\\'; break; /* backslash */
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429 | case '\'': value = '\''; break; /* single quote */
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430 | case '"': value = '"'; break; /* double quote */
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431 | case 'a': value = '\a'; break; /* alert */
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432 | case 'b': value = '\b'; break; /* backspace */
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433 | case 'e': value = ESCAPE; break; /* escape */
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434 | case 'f': value = '\f'; break; /* form-feed */
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435 | case 'n': value = '\n'; break; /* newline */
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436 | case 'r': value = '\r'; break; /* carriage-return */
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437 | case 't': value = '\t'; break; /* tab */
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438 | case 'v': value = '\v'; break; /* vertical-tab */
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439 |
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440 | default:
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441 | warnx("unknown escape sequence `\\%c'", ch);
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442 | rval = 1;
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443 | value = ch;
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444 | break;
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445 | }
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446 |
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447 | *conv_ch = value;
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448 | return str;
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449 | }
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450 |
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451 | /* expand a string so that everything is printable */
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452 |
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453 | static char *
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454 | conv_expand(const char *str)
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455 | {
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456 | static char *conv_str;
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457 | static char no_memory[] = "<no memory>";
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458 | char *cp;
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459 | int ch;
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460 |
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461 | if (conv_str)
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462 | free(conv_str);
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463 | /* get a buffer that is definitely large enough.... */
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464 | conv_str = malloc(4 * strlen(str) + 1);
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465 | if (!conv_str)
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466 | return no_memory;
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467 | cp = conv_str;
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468 |
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469 | while ((ch = *(const unsigned char *)str++) != '\0') {
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470 | switch (ch) {
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471 | /* Use C escapes for expected control characters */
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472 | case '\\': ch = '\\'; break; /* backslash */
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473 | case '\'': ch = '\''; break; /* single quote */
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474 | case '"': ch = '"'; break; /* double quote */
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475 | case '\a': ch = 'a'; break; /* alert */
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476 | case '\b': ch = 'b'; break; /* backspace */
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477 | case ESCAPE: ch = 'e'; break; /* escape */
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478 | case '\f': ch = 'f'; break; /* form-feed */
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479 | case '\n': ch = 'n'; break; /* newline */
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480 | case '\r': ch = 'r'; break; /* carriage-return */
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481 | case '\t': ch = 't'; break; /* tab */
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482 | case '\v': ch = 'v'; break; /* vertical-tab */
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483 | default:
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484 | /* Copy anything printable */
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485 | if (isprint(ch)) {
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486 | *cp++ = ch;
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487 | continue;
|
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488 | }
|
---|
489 | /* Use vis(3) encodings for the rest */
|
---|
490 | *cp++ = '\\';
|
---|
491 | if (ch & 0200) {
|
---|
492 | *cp++ = 'M';
|
---|
493 | ch &= ~0200;
|
---|
494 | }
|
---|
495 | if (ch == 0177) {
|
---|
496 | *cp++ = '^';
|
---|
497 | *cp++ = '?';
|
---|
498 | continue;
|
---|
499 | }
|
---|
500 | if (ch < 040) {
|
---|
501 | *cp++ = '^';
|
---|
502 | *cp++ = ch | 0100;
|
---|
503 | continue;
|
---|
504 | }
|
---|
505 | *cp++ = '-';
|
---|
506 | *cp++ = ch;
|
---|
507 | continue;
|
---|
508 | }
|
---|
509 | *cp++ = '\\';
|
---|
510 | *cp++ = ch;
|
---|
511 | }
|
---|
512 |
|
---|
513 | *cp = 0;
|
---|
514 | return conv_str;
|
---|
515 | }
|
---|
516 |
|
---|
517 | static char *
|
---|
518 | mklong(const char *str, int ch)
|
---|
519 | {
|
---|
520 | static char copy[64];
|
---|
521 | size_t len;
|
---|
522 |
|
---|
523 | len = strlen(str) + 2;
|
---|
524 | if (len > sizeof copy) {
|
---|
525 | warnx("format %s too complex\n", str);
|
---|
526 | len = 4;
|
---|
527 | }
|
---|
528 | (void)memmove(copy, str, len - 3);
|
---|
529 | copy[len - 3] = 'j';
|
---|
530 | copy[len - 2] = ch;
|
---|
531 | copy[len - 1] = '\0';
|
---|
532 | return copy;
|
---|
533 | }
|
---|
534 |
|
---|
535 | static int
|
---|
536 | getchr(void)
|
---|
537 | {
|
---|
538 | if (!*gargv)
|
---|
539 | return 0;
|
---|
540 | return (int)**gargv++;
|
---|
541 | }
|
---|
542 |
|
---|
543 | static char *
|
---|
544 | getstr(void)
|
---|
545 | {
|
---|
546 | static char empty[] = "";
|
---|
547 | if (!*gargv)
|
---|
548 | return empty;
|
---|
549 | return *gargv++;
|
---|
550 | }
|
---|
551 |
|
---|
552 | static int
|
---|
553 | getwidth(void)
|
---|
554 | {
|
---|
555 | long val;
|
---|
556 | char *s, *ep;
|
---|
557 |
|
---|
558 | s = *gargv;
|
---|
559 | if (!*gargv)
|
---|
560 | return (0);
|
---|
561 | gargv++;
|
---|
562 |
|
---|
563 | errno = 0;
|
---|
564 | val = strtoul(s, &ep, 0);
|
---|
565 | check_conversion(s, ep);
|
---|
566 |
|
---|
567 | /* Arbitrarily 'restrict' field widths to 1Mbyte */
|
---|
568 | if (val < 0 || val > 1 << 20) {
|
---|
569 | warnx("%s: invalid field width", s);
|
---|
570 | return 0;
|
---|
571 | }
|
---|
572 |
|
---|
573 | return val;
|
---|
574 | }
|
---|
575 |
|
---|
576 | static intmax_t
|
---|
577 | getintmax(void)
|
---|
578 | {
|
---|
579 | intmax_t val;
|
---|
580 | char *cp, *ep;
|
---|
581 |
|
---|
582 | cp = *gargv;
|
---|
583 | if (cp == NULL)
|
---|
584 | return 0;
|
---|
585 | gargv++;
|
---|
586 |
|
---|
587 | if (*cp == '\"' || *cp == '\'')
|
---|
588 | return *(cp+1);
|
---|
589 |
|
---|
590 | errno = 0;
|
---|
591 | val = strtoimax(cp, &ep, 0);
|
---|
592 | check_conversion(cp, ep);
|
---|
593 | return val;
|
---|
594 | }
|
---|
595 |
|
---|
596 | static uintmax_t
|
---|
597 | getuintmax(void)
|
---|
598 | {
|
---|
599 | uintmax_t val;
|
---|
600 | char *cp, *ep;
|
---|
601 |
|
---|
602 | cp = *gargv;
|
---|
603 | if (cp == NULL)
|
---|
604 | return 0;
|
---|
605 | gargv++;
|
---|
606 |
|
---|
607 | if (*cp == '\"' || *cp == '\'')
|
---|
608 | return *(cp + 1);
|
---|
609 |
|
---|
610 | /* strtoumax won't error -ve values */
|
---|
611 | while (isspace(*(unsigned char *)cp))
|
---|
612 | cp++;
|
---|
613 | if (*cp == '-') {
|
---|
614 | warnx("%s: expected positive numeric value", cp);
|
---|
615 | rval = 1;
|
---|
616 | return 0;
|
---|
617 | }
|
---|
618 |
|
---|
619 | errno = 0;
|
---|
620 | val = strtoumax(cp, &ep, 0);
|
---|
621 | check_conversion(cp, ep);
|
---|
622 | return val;
|
---|
623 | }
|
---|
624 |
|
---|
625 | static double
|
---|
626 | getdouble(void)
|
---|
627 | {
|
---|
628 | double val;
|
---|
629 | char *ep;
|
---|
630 |
|
---|
631 | if (!*gargv)
|
---|
632 | return (0.0);
|
---|
633 |
|
---|
634 | if (**gargv == '\"' || **gargv == '\'')
|
---|
635 | return (double) *((*gargv++)+1);
|
---|
636 |
|
---|
637 | errno = 0;
|
---|
638 | val = strtod(*gargv, &ep);
|
---|
639 | check_conversion(*gargv++, ep);
|
---|
640 | return val;
|
---|
641 | }
|
---|
642 |
|
---|
643 | static void
|
---|
644 | check_conversion(const char *s, const char *ep)
|
---|
645 | {
|
---|
646 | if (*ep) {
|
---|
647 | if (ep == s)
|
---|
648 | warnx("%s: expected numeric value", s);
|
---|
649 | else
|
---|
650 | warnx("%s: not completely converted", s);
|
---|
651 | rval = 1;
|
---|
652 | } else if (errno == ERANGE) {
|
---|
653 | warnx("%s: %s", s, strerror(ERANGE));
|
---|
654 | rval = 1;
|
---|
655 | }
|
---|
656 | }
|
---|
657 |
|
---|
658 | static void
|
---|
659 | usage(void)
|
---|
660 | {
|
---|
661 | (void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s format [arg ...]\n", getprogname());
|
---|
662 | }
|
---|