| 1 | <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE topic PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Topic//EN" "topic.dtd">
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| 3 | <topic xml:lang="en-us" id="cloud-export-oci-prepare-vm">
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| 4 | <title>Preparing a VM for Export to <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/oci"/></title>
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| 5 |
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| 6 | <body>
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| 7 | <p><ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/oci"/> provides the option to import a custom Linux image. Before an <ph
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| 8 | conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/product-name"/> image can be exported to <ph
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| 9 | conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/oci"/>, the custom image needs to be prepared to ensure that instances
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| 10 | launched from the custom image can boot correctly and that network connections will work. This section provides
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| 11 | advice on how to prepare a Linux image for export from <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/product-name"/>. </p>
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| 12 | <p>The following list shows some tasks to consider when preparing an Oracle Linux VM for export: </p>
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| 13 | <ul>
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| 14 | <li>
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| 15 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Use DHCP for network
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| 16 | addresses.</b> Configure the VM to use a DHCP
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| 17 | server to allocate network addresses, rather than using a
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| 18 | static IP address. The <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/oci"/> instance will then be
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| 19 | allocated an IP address automatically.
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| 20 | </p>
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| 21 | </li>
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| 22 | <li>
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| 23 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Do not specify a MAC
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| 24 | address.</b> The network interface configuration
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| 25 | for the VM must not specify the MAC address.
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| 26 | </p>
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| 27 | <p>Remove the HWADDR setting from the <filepath>/etc/sysconfig/ifcfg-<varname>devicename</varname></filepath>
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| 28 | network script. </p>
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| 29 | </li>
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| 30 | <li>
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| 31 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Disable persistent network device
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| 32 | naming rules.</b> This means that the <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/oci"/>
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| 33 | instance will use the same network device names as the VM.
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| 34 | </p>
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| 35 | <ol>
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| 36 | <li>
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| 37 | <p>Change the GRUB kernel parameters. </p>
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| 38 | <p>Add <codeph>net.ifnames=0</codeph> and <codeph>biosdevname=0</codeph> as kernel parameter values to the
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| 39 | <codeph>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX</codeph> variable. </p>
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| 40 | </li>
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| 41 | <li>
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| 42 | <p>Update the GRUB configuration. </p>
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| 43 | <pre xml:space="preserve"># grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg</pre>
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| 44 | </li>
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| 45 | <li>
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| 46 | <p>Disable any <codeph>udev</codeph> rules for network device naming. </p>
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| 47 | <p>For example, if an automated <codeph>udev</codeph> rule exists for <codeph>net-persistence</codeph>: </p>
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| 48 | <pre xml:space="preserve"># cd /etc/udev/rules.d
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| 49 | # rm -f 70-persistent-net.rules
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| 50 | # ln -s /dev/null /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules</pre>
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| 51 | </li>
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| 52 | </ol>
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| 53 | </li>
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| 54 | <li>
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| 55 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Enable the serial
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| 56 | console.</b> This enables you to troubleshoot the
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| 57 | instance when it is running on <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/oci"/>.
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| 58 | </p>
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| 59 | <ol>
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| 60 | <li>
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| 61 | <p>Edit the <filepath>/etc/default/grub</filepath> file, as follows: </p>
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| 62 | <ul>
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| 63 | <li>
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| 64 | <p>Remove the <codeph>resume</codeph> setting from the kernel parameters. This setting slows down boot
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| 65 | time significantly. </p>
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| 66 | </li>
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| 67 | <li>
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| 68 | <p>Replace <codeph>GRUB_TERMINAL="gfxterm"</codeph> with <codeph>GRUB_TERMINAL="console
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| 69 | serial"</codeph>. This configures use of the serial console instead of a graphical terminal. </p>
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| 70 | </li>
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| 71 | <li>
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| 72 | <p>Add <codeph>GRUB_SERIAL_COMMAND="serial --unit=0 --speed=115200"</codeph>. This configures the serial
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| 73 | connection. </p>
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| 74 | </li>
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| 75 | <li>
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| 76 | <p>Add <codeph>console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200</codeph> to the <codeph>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX</codeph>
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| 77 | variable. This adds the serial console to the Linux kernel boot parameters. </p>
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| 78 | </li>
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| 79 | </ul>
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| 80 | </li>
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| 81 | <li>
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| 82 | <p>Regenerate the GRUB configuration. </p>
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| 83 | <pre xml:space="preserve"># grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg</pre>
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| 84 | </li>
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| 85 | <li>
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| 86 | <p>To verify the changes, reboot the machine and run the <userinput>dmesg</userinput> command to look for
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| 87 | the updated kernel parameters. </p>
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| 88 | <pre xml:space="preserve"># dmesg |grep console=ttyS0</pre>
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| 89 | </li>
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| 90 | </ol>
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| 91 | </li>
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| 92 | <li>
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| 93 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Enable paravirtualized device
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| 94 | support.</b> You do this by adding the
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| 95 | <codeph>virtio</codeph> drivers to the
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| 96 | <codeph>initrd</codeph> for the VM.
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| 97 | </p>
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| 98 | <ol>
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| 99 | <li>
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| 100 | <p>This procedure works only on machines with a Linux kernel of version 3.4 or later. Check that the VM is
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| 101 | running a supported kernel: </p>
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| 102 | <pre xml:space="preserve"># uname -a</pre>
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| 103 | </li>
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| 104 | <li>
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| 105 | <p>Use the <codeph>dracut</codeph> tool to rebuild <codeph>initrd</codeph>. Add the <codeph>qemu</codeph>
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| 106 | module, as follows: </p>
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| 107 | <pre xml:space="preserve"># dracut –-logfile /var/log/Dracut.log --force --add qemu</pre>
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| 108 | </li>
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| 109 | <li>
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| 110 | <p>Verify that the <codeph>virtio</codeph> drivers are now present in <codeph>initrd</codeph>. </p>
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| 111 | <pre xml:space="preserve"> # lsinitrd |grep virtio</pre>
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| 112 | </li>
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| 113 | </ol>
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| 114 | </li>
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| 115 | </ul>
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| 116 | <p>For more information about importing a custom Linux image into <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/oci"/>, see
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| 117 | also: </p>
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| 118 | <p>
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| 119 | <ph>https://docs.cloud.oracle.com/iaas/Content/Compute/Tasks/importingcustomimagelinux.htm</ph>
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| 120 | </p>
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| 121 | </body>
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| 122 |
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| 123 | </topic>
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