| 1 | <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE topic PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Topic//EN" "topic.dtd">
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| 3 | <topic xml:lang="en-us" id="nat-limitations">
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| 4 | <title>NAT Limitations</title>
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| 5 |
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| 6 | <body>
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| 7 | <p>
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| 8 | There are some limitations of NAT mode which users should be
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| 9 | aware of, as follows:
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| 10 | </p>
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| 11 | <ul>
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| 12 | <li>
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| 13 | <p><b outputclass="bold">ICMP protocol limitations.</b>
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| 14 | Some frequently used network debugging tools, such as
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| 15 | <userinput>ping</userinput> or <userinput>traceroute</userinput>,
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| 16 | rely on the ICMP protocol for sending and receiving
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| 17 | messages. <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/product-name"/> ICMP support has some limitations,
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| 18 | meaning <userinput>ping</userinput> should work but some other
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| 19 | tools may not work reliably.
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| 20 | </p>
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| 21 | </li>
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| 22 | <li>
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| 23 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Receiving of UDP broadcasts.</b> The guest does not reliably
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| 24 | receive UDP broadcasts. In order to save resources, it only listens for a certain amount
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| 25 | of time after the guest has sent UDP data on a particular port. As a consequence, NetBios
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| 26 | name resolution based on broadcasts does not always work, but WINS always works. As a
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| 27 | workaround, you can use the numeric IP of the required server in the
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| 28 | <filepath>\\<varname>server</varname>\<varname>share</varname></filepath> notation. </p>
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| 29 | </li>
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| 30 | <li>
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| 31 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Some protocols are not
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| 32 | supported.</b> Protocols other than TCP and UDP are
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| 33 | not supported. GRE is not supported. This means some VPN
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| 34 | products, such as PPTP from Microsoft, cannot be used. There
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| 35 | are other VPN products which use only TCP and UDP.
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| 36 | </p>
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| 37 | </li>
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| 38 | <li>
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| 39 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Forwarding host ports below
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| 40 | 1024.</b> On UNIX-based hosts, such as Linux, Oracle
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| 41 | Solaris, and macOS, it is not possible to bind to ports
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| 42 | below 1024 from applications that are not run by
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| 43 | <codeph>root</codeph>. As a result, if you try to
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| 44 | configure such a port forwarding, the VM will refuse to
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| 45 | start.
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| 46 | </p>
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| 47 | </li>
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| 48 | </ul>
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| 49 | <p> These limitations normally do not affect standard network use. But the presence of NAT has
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| 50 | also subtle effects that may interfere with protocols that are normally working. One example
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| 51 | is NFS, where the server is often configured to refuse connections from non-privileged ports,
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| 52 | which are those ports above 1024. </p>
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| 53 | </body>
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| 54 |
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| 55 | </topic>
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