| 1 | <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
|
|---|
| 2 | <!DOCTYPE topic PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Topic//EN" "topic.dtd">
|
|---|
| 3 | <topic xml:lang="en-us" id="networkingmodes">
|
|---|
| 4 | <title>Introduction to Networking Modes</title>
|
|---|
| 5 |
|
|---|
| 6 | <body>
|
|---|
| 7 | <p>
|
|---|
| 8 | Each of the networking adapters can be separately configured to
|
|---|
| 9 | operate in one of the following modes:
|
|---|
| 10 | </p>
|
|---|
| 11 | <ul>
|
|---|
| 12 | <li>
|
|---|
| 13 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Not attached.</b> In this mode,
|
|---|
| 14 | Oracle VM VirtualBox reports to the guest that a network card is
|
|---|
| 15 | present, but that there is no connection. This is as if no
|
|---|
| 16 | Ethernet cable was plugged into the card. Using this mode, it
|
|---|
| 17 | is possible to <i>pull</i> the virtual Ethernet
|
|---|
| 18 | cable and disrupt the connection, which can be useful to
|
|---|
| 19 | inform a guest operating system that no network connection is
|
|---|
| 20 | available and enforce a reconfiguration.
|
|---|
| 21 | </p>
|
|---|
| 22 | </li>
|
|---|
| 23 | <li>
|
|---|
| 24 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Network Address Translation
|
|---|
| 25 | (NAT)</b>. If all you want is to browse the Web,
|
|---|
| 26 | download files, and view email inside the guest, then this
|
|---|
| 27 | default mode should be sufficient for you, and you can skip
|
|---|
| 28 | the rest of this section. Please note that there are certain
|
|---|
| 29 | limitations when using Windows file sharing. See
|
|---|
| 30 | <xref href="nat-limitations.dita#nat-limitations"/>.
|
|---|
| 31 | </p>
|
|---|
| 32 | </li>
|
|---|
| 33 | <li>
|
|---|
| 34 | <p><b outputclass="bold">NAT Network.</b> A NAT network is
|
|---|
| 35 | a type of internal network that allows outbound connections.
|
|---|
| 36 | See <xref href="network_nat_service.dita#network_nat_service"/>.
|
|---|
| 37 | </p>
|
|---|
| 38 | </li>
|
|---|
| 39 | <li>
|
|---|
| 40 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Bridged networking.</b> This is
|
|---|
| 41 | for more advanced networking needs, such as network
|
|---|
| 42 | simulations and running servers in a guest. When enabled,
|
|---|
| 43 | Oracle VM VirtualBox connects to one of your installed network cards
|
|---|
| 44 | and exchanges network packets directly, circumventing your
|
|---|
| 45 | host operating system's network stack.
|
|---|
| 46 | </p>
|
|---|
| 47 | </li>
|
|---|
| 48 | <li>
|
|---|
| 49 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Internal networking.</b> This can
|
|---|
| 50 | be used to create a different kind of software-based network
|
|---|
| 51 | which is visible to selected virtual machines, but not to
|
|---|
| 52 | applications running on the host or to the outside world.
|
|---|
| 53 | </p>
|
|---|
| 54 | </li>
|
|---|
| 55 | <li>
|
|---|
| 56 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Host-only networking.</b> This
|
|---|
| 57 | can be used to create a network containing the host and a set
|
|---|
| 58 | of virtual machines, without the need for the host's physical
|
|---|
| 59 | network interface. Instead, a virtual network interface,
|
|---|
| 60 | similar to a loopback interface, is created on the host,
|
|---|
| 61 | providing connectivity among virtual machines and the host.
|
|---|
| 62 | </p>
|
|---|
| 63 | </li>
|
|---|
| 64 | <li>
|
|---|
| 65 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Cloud networking.</b> This can be
|
|---|
| 66 | used to connect a local VM to a subnet on a remote cloud
|
|---|
| 67 | service.
|
|---|
| 68 | </p>
|
|---|
| 69 | </li>
|
|---|
| 70 | <li>
|
|---|
| 71 | <p><b outputclass="bold"> Generic networking.</b> Rarely
|
|---|
| 72 | used modes which share the same generic network interface, by
|
|---|
| 73 | allowing the user to select a driver which can be included
|
|---|
| 74 | with Oracle VM VirtualBox or be distributed in an extension pack.
|
|---|
| 75 | </p>
|
|---|
| 76 | <p>
|
|---|
| 77 | The following sub-modes are available:
|
|---|
| 78 | </p>
|
|---|
| 79 | <ul>
|
|---|
| 80 | <li>
|
|---|
| 81 | <p><b outputclass="bold">UDP Tunnel:</b> Used to
|
|---|
| 82 | interconnect virtual machines running on different hosts
|
|---|
| 83 | directly, easily, and transparently, over an existing
|
|---|
| 84 | network infrastructure.
|
|---|
| 85 | </p>
|
|---|
| 86 | </li>
|
|---|
| 87 | <li>
|
|---|
| 88 | <p><b outputclass="bold">VDE (Virtual Distributed Ethernet)
|
|---|
| 89 | networking:</b> Used to connect to a Virtual
|
|---|
| 90 | Distributed Ethernet switch on a Linux or a FreeBSD host.
|
|---|
| 91 | At the moment this option requires compilation of
|
|---|
| 92 | Oracle VM VirtualBox from sources, as the Oracle packages do not
|
|---|
| 93 | include it.
|
|---|
| 94 | </p>
|
|---|
| 95 | </li>
|
|---|
| 96 | </ul>
|
|---|
| 97 | </li>
|
|---|
| 98 | </ul>
|
|---|
| 99 | <p>
|
|---|
| 100 | The following table provides an overview of the most important
|
|---|
| 101 | networking modes.
|
|---|
| 102 | </p>
|
|---|
| 103 | <table id="table-networking-modes">
|
|---|
| 104 | <title>Overview of Networking Modes</title>
|
|---|
| 105 | <tgroup cols="6">
|
|---|
| 106 | <colspec align="left"/>
|
|---|
| 107 | <colspec align="center"/>
|
|---|
| 108 | <colspec align="center"/>
|
|---|
| 109 | <colspec align="center"/>
|
|---|
| 110 | <colspec align="center"/>
|
|---|
| 111 | <colspec align="center"/>
|
|---|
| 112 | <thead valign="middle">
|
|---|
| 113 | <row>
|
|---|
| 114 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 115 | <b outputclass="bold">Mode</b>
|
|---|
| 116 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 117 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 118 | <p>
|
|---|
| 119 | <b outputclass="bold">VM→Host</b>
|
|---|
| 120 | </p>
|
|---|
| 121 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 122 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 123 | <p>
|
|---|
| 124 | <b outputclass="bold">VM←Host</b>
|
|---|
| 125 | </p>
|
|---|
| 126 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 127 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 128 | <p>
|
|---|
| 129 | <b outputclass="bold">VM1↔VM2</b>
|
|---|
| 130 | </p>
|
|---|
| 131 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 132 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 133 | <p>
|
|---|
| 134 | <b outputclass="bold">VM→Net/LAN</b>
|
|---|
| 135 | </p>
|
|---|
| 136 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 137 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 138 | <p>
|
|---|
| 139 | <b outputclass="bold">VM←Net/LAN</b>
|
|---|
| 140 | </p>
|
|---|
| 141 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 142 | </row>
|
|---|
| 143 | </thead>
|
|---|
| 144 | <tbody valign="middle">
|
|---|
| 145 | <row>
|
|---|
| 146 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 147 | <p>
|
|---|
| 148 | Host-only
|
|---|
| 149 | </p>
|
|---|
| 150 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 151 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 152 | <p>
|
|---|
| 153 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 154 | </p>
|
|---|
| 155 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 156 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 157 | <p>
|
|---|
| 158 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 159 | </p>
|
|---|
| 160 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 161 | <entry align="center">
|
|---|
| 162 | <p>
|
|---|
| 163 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 164 | </p>
|
|---|
| 165 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 166 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 167 | <p>
|
|---|
| 168 | –
|
|---|
| 169 | </p>
|
|---|
| 170 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 171 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 172 | <p>
|
|---|
| 173 | –
|
|---|
| 174 | </p>
|
|---|
| 175 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 176 | </row>
|
|---|
| 177 | <row>
|
|---|
| 178 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 179 | <p>
|
|---|
| 180 | Internal
|
|---|
| 181 | </p>
|
|---|
| 182 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 183 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 184 | <p>
|
|---|
| 185 | –
|
|---|
| 186 | </p>
|
|---|
| 187 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 188 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 189 | <p>
|
|---|
| 190 | –
|
|---|
| 191 | </p>
|
|---|
| 192 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 193 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 194 | <p>
|
|---|
| 195 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 196 | </p>
|
|---|
| 197 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 198 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 199 | <p>
|
|---|
| 200 | –
|
|---|
| 201 | </p>
|
|---|
| 202 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 203 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 204 | <p>
|
|---|
| 205 | –
|
|---|
| 206 | </p>
|
|---|
| 207 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 208 | </row>
|
|---|
| 209 | <row>
|
|---|
| 210 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 211 | <p>
|
|---|
| 212 | Bridged
|
|---|
| 213 | </p>
|
|---|
| 214 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 215 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 216 | <p>
|
|---|
| 217 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 218 | </p>
|
|---|
| 219 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 220 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 221 | <p>
|
|---|
| 222 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 223 | </p>
|
|---|
| 224 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 225 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 226 | <p>
|
|---|
| 227 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 228 | </p>
|
|---|
| 229 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 230 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 231 | <p>
|
|---|
| 232 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 233 | </p>
|
|---|
| 234 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 235 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 236 | <p>
|
|---|
| 237 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 238 | </p>
|
|---|
| 239 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 240 | </row>
|
|---|
| 241 | <row>
|
|---|
| 242 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 243 | <p>
|
|---|
| 244 | NAT
|
|---|
| 245 | </p>
|
|---|
| 246 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 247 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 248 | <p>
|
|---|
| 249 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 250 | </p>
|
|---|
| 251 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 252 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 253 | <p>
|
|---|
| 254 | <xref href="natforward.dita#natforward">Port forward</xref>
|
|---|
| 255 | </p>
|
|---|
| 256 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 257 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 258 | <p>
|
|---|
| 259 | –
|
|---|
| 260 | </p>
|
|---|
| 261 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 262 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 263 | <p>
|
|---|
| 264 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 265 | </p>
|
|---|
| 266 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 267 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 268 | <p>
|
|---|
| 269 | <xref href="natforward.dita#natforward">Port forward</xref>
|
|---|
| 270 | </p>
|
|---|
| 271 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 272 | </row>
|
|---|
| 273 | <row>
|
|---|
| 274 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 275 | <p>
|
|---|
| 276 | NATservice
|
|---|
| 277 | </p>
|
|---|
| 278 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 279 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 280 | <p>
|
|---|
| 281 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 282 | </p>
|
|---|
| 283 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 284 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 285 | <p>
|
|---|
| 286 | <xref href="network_nat_service.dita#network_nat_service">Port forward</xref>
|
|---|
| 287 | </p>
|
|---|
| 288 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 289 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 290 | <p>
|
|---|
| 291 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 292 | </p>
|
|---|
| 293 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 294 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 295 | <p>
|
|---|
| 296 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
|
|---|
| 297 | </p>
|
|---|
| 298 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 299 | <entry>
|
|---|
| 300 | <p>
|
|---|
| 301 | <xref href="network_nat_service.dita#network_nat_service">Port forward</xref>
|
|---|
| 302 | </p>
|
|---|
| 303 | </entry>
|
|---|
| 304 | </row>
|
|---|
| 305 | </tbody>
|
|---|
| 306 | </tgroup>
|
|---|
| 307 | </table>
|
|---|
| 308 | <p>
|
|---|
| 309 | The following sections describe the available network modes in
|
|---|
| 310 | more detail.
|
|---|
| 311 | </p>
|
|---|
| 312 | </body>
|
|---|
| 313 |
|
|---|
| 314 | </topic>
|
|---|
