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| 2 | <html lang="en">
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| 3 | <head>
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| 4 | <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
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| 5 | <title>Mesa Introduction</title>
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| 6 | <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mesa.css">
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| 7 | </head>
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| 8 | <body>
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| 9 |
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| 10 | <div class="header">
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| 11 | <h1>The Mesa 3D Graphics Library</h1>
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| 12 | </div>
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| 13 |
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| 14 | <iframe src="contents.html"></iframe>
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| 15 | <div class="content">
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <h1>Introduction</h1>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <p>
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| 20 | The Mesa project began as an open-source implementation of the
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| 21 | <a href="https://www.opengl.org/">OpenGL</a> specification -
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| 22 | a system for rendering interactive 3D graphics.
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| 23 | </p>
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| 24 |
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| 25 | <p>
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| 26 | Over the years the project has grown to implement more graphics APIs,
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| 27 | including
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| 28 | <a href="https://www.khronos.org/opengles/">OpenGL ES</a> (versions 1, 2, 3),
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| 29 | <a href="https://www.khronos.org/opencl/">OpenCL</a>,
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| 30 | <a href="https://www.khronos.org/openmax/">OpenMAX</a>,
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| 31 | <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VDPAU">VDPAU</a>,
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| 32 | <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Acceleration_API">VA API</a>,
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| 33 | <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Video_Motion_Compensation">XvMC</a> and
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| 34 | <a href="https://www.khronos.org/vulkan/">Vulkan</a>.
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| 35 | </p>
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| 36 |
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| 37 | <p>
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| 38 | A variety of device drivers allows the Mesa libraries to be used in many
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| 39 | different environments ranging from software emulation to complete hardware
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| 40 | acceleration for modern GPUs.
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| 41 | </p>
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| 42 |
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| 43 | <p>
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| 44 | Mesa ties into several other open-source projects: the
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| 45 | <a href="https://dri.freedesktop.org/">Direct Rendering
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| 46 | Infrastructure</a> and <a href="https://x.org">X.org</a> to
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| 47 | provide OpenGL support on Linux, FreeBSD and other operating
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| 48 | systems.
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| 49 | </p>
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| 50 |
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| 51 |
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| 52 |
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| 53 | <h1>Project History</h1>
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| 54 |
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| 55 | <p>
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| 56 | The Mesa project was originally started by Brian Paul.
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| 57 | Here's a short history of the project.
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| 58 | </p>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <p>
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| 61 | August, 1993: I begin working on Mesa in my spare time. The project
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| 62 | has no name at that point. I was simply interested in writing a simple
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| 63 | 3D graphics library that used the then-new OpenGL API. I was partially
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| 64 | inspired by the <em>VOGL</em> library which emulated a subset of IRIS GL.
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| 65 | I had been programming with IRIS GL since 1991.
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| 66 | </p>
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| 67 |
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| 68 | <p>
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| 69 | November 1994: I contact SGI to ask permission to distribute my OpenGL-like
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| 70 | graphics library on the internet. SGI was generally receptive to the
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| 71 | idea and after negotiations with SGI's legal department, I get permission
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| 72 | to release it.
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| 73 | </p>
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| 74 |
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| 75 | <p>
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| 76 | February 1995: Mesa 1.0 is released on the internet. I expected that
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| 77 | a few people would be interested in it, but not thousands.
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| 78 | I was soon receiving patches, new features and thank-you notes on a
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| 79 | daily basis. That encouraged me to continue working on Mesa. The
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| 80 | name Mesa just popped into my head one day. SGI had asked me not to use
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| 81 | the terms <em>"Open"</em> or <em>"GL"</em> in the project name and I didn't
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| 82 | want to make up a new acronym. Later, I heard of the Mesa programming
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| 83 | language and the Mesa spreadsheet for NeXTStep.
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| 84 | </p>
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| 85 |
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| 86 | <p>
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| 87 | In the early days, OpenGL wasn't available on too many systems.
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| 88 | It even took a while for SGI to support it across their product line.
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| 89 | Mesa filled a big hole during that time.
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| 90 | For a lot of people, Mesa was their first introduction to OpenGL.
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| 91 | I think SGI recognized that Mesa actually helped to promote
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| 92 | the OpenGL API, so they didn't feel threatened by the project.
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| 93 | </p>
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| 94 |
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| 95 |
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| 96 | <p>
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| 97 | 1995-1996: I continue working on Mesa both during my spare time and during
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| 98 | my work hours at the Space Science and Engineering Center at the University
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| 99 | of Wisconsin in Madison. My supervisor, Bill Hibbard, lets me do this because
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| 100 | Mesa is now being using for the <a href="https://www.ssec.wisc.edu/%7Ebillh/vis.html">Vis5D</a> project.
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| 101 | </p><p>
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| 102 | October 1996: Mesa 2.0 is released. It implements the OpenGL 1.1 specification.
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| 103 | </p>
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| 104 |
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| 105 | <p>
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| 106 | March 1997: Mesa 2.2 is released. It supports the new 3dfx Voodoo graphics
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| 107 | card via the Glide library. It's the first really popular hardware OpenGL
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| 108 | implementation for Linux.
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| 109 | </p>
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| 110 |
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| 111 | <p>
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| 112 | September 1998: Mesa 3.0 is released. It's the first publicly-available
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| 113 | implementation of the OpenGL 1.2 API.
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| 114 | </p>
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| 115 |
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| 116 | <p>
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| 117 | March 1999: I attend my first OpenGL ARB meeting. I contribute to the
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| 118 | development of several official OpenGL extensions over the years.
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| 119 | </p>
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| 120 |
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| 121 | <p>
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| 122 | September 1999: I'm hired by Precision Insight, Inc. Mesa is a key
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| 123 | component of 3D hardware acceleration in the new DRI project for XFree86.
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| 124 | Drivers for 3dfx, 3dLabs, Intel, Matrox and ATI hardware soon follow.
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| 125 | </p>
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| 126 |
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| 127 | <p>
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| 128 | October 2001: Mesa 4.0 is released.
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| 129 | It implements the OpenGL 1.3 specification.
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| 130 | </p>
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| 131 |
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| 132 |
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| 133 | <p>
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| 134 | November 2001: I cofounded Tungsten Graphics, Inc. with Keith Whitwell,
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| 135 | Jens Owen, David Dawes and Frank LaMonica.
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| 136 | Tungsten Graphics was acquired by VMware in December 2008.
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| 137 | </p>
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| 138 |
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| 139 | <p>
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| 140 | November 2002: Mesa 5.0 is released.
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| 141 | It implements the OpenGL 1.4 specification.
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| 142 | </p>
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| 143 |
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| 144 | <p>
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| 145 | January 2003: Mesa 6.0 is released. It implements the OpenGL 1.5
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| 146 | specification as well as the GL_ARB_vertex_program and
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| 147 | GL_ARB_fragment_program extensions.
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| 148 | </p>
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| 149 |
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| 150 | <p>
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| 151 | June 2007: Mesa 7.0 is released, implementing the OpenGL 2.1 specification
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| 152 | and OpenGL Shading Language.
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| 153 | </p>
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| 154 |
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| 155 | <p>
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| 156 | 2008: Keith Whitwell and other Tungsten Graphics employees develop
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| 157 | <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium3D">Gallium</a>
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| 158 | - a new GPU abstraction layer. The latest Mesa drivers are based on
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| 159 | Gallium and other APIs such as OpenVG are implemented on top of Gallium.
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| 160 | </p>
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| 161 |
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| 162 | <p>
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| 163 | February 2012: Mesa 8.0 is released, implementing the OpenGL 3.0 specification
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| 164 | and version 1.30 of the OpenGL Shading Language.
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| 165 | </p>
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| 166 |
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| 167 | <p>
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| 168 | July 2016: Mesa 12.0 is released, including OpenGL 4.3 support and initial
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| 169 | support for Vulkan for Intel GPUs. Plus, there's another gallium software
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| 170 | driver ("swr") based on LLVM and developed by Intel.
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| 171 | </p>
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| 172 |
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| 173 | <p>
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| 174 | Ongoing: Mesa is the OpenGL implementation for devices designed by
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| 175 | Intel, AMD, NVIDIA, Qualcomm, Broadcom, Vivante, plus the VMware and
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| 176 | VirGL virtual GPUs.
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| 177 | There's also several software-based renderers: swrast (the legacy
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| 178 | Mesa rasterizer), softpipe (a gallium reference driver), llvmpipe
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| 179 | (LLVM/JIT-based high-speed rasterizer) and swr (another LLVM-based driver).
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| 180 | </p>
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| 181 | <p>
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| 182 | Work continues on the drivers and core Mesa to implement newer versions
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| 183 | of the OpenGL, OpenGL ES and Vulkan specifications.
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| 184 | </p>
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| 185 |
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| 186 |
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| 187 |
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| 188 | <h1>Major Versions</h1>
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| 189 |
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| 190 | <p>
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| 191 | This is a summary of the major versions of Mesa.
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| 192 | Mesa's major version number has been incremented whenever a new version
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| 193 | of the OpenGL specification is implemented.
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| 194 | </p>
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| 195 |
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| 196 |
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| 197 | <h2>Version 12.x features</h2>
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| 198 | <p>
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| 199 | Version 12.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 4.3 API, but not all drivers
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| 200 | support OpenGL 4.3.
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| 201 | </p>
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| 202 | <p>
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| 203 | Initial support for Vulkan is also included.
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| 204 | </p>
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| 205 |
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| 206 |
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| 207 | <h2>Version 11.x features</h2>
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| 208 | <p>
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| 209 | Version 11.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 4.1 API, but not all drivers
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| 210 | support OpenGL 4.1.
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| 211 | </p>
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| 212 |
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <h2>Version 10.x features</h2>
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| 215 | <p>
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| 216 | Version 10.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 3.3 API, but not all drivers
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| 217 | support OpenGL 3.3.
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| 218 | </p>
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| 219 |
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| 220 |
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| 221 | <h2>Version 9.x features</h2>
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| 222 | <p>
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| 223 | Version 9.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 3.1 API.
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| 224 | While the driver for Intel Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge is the only
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| 225 | driver to support OpenGL 3.1, many developers across the open-source
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| 226 | community contributed features required for OpenGL 3.1. The primary
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| 227 | features added since the Mesa 8.0 release are
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| 228 | GL_ARB_texture_buffer_object and GL_ARB_uniform_buffer_object.
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| 229 | </p>
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| 230 | <p>
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| 231 | Version 9.0 of Mesa also included the first release of the Clover state
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| 232 | tracker for OpenCL.
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| 233 | </p>
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| 234 |
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| 235 |
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| 236 | <h2>Version 8.x features</h2>
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| 237 | <p>
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| 238 | Version 8.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 3.0 API.
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| 239 | The developers at Intel deserve a lot of credit for implementing most
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| 240 | of the OpenGL 3.0 features in core Mesa, the GLSL compiler as well as
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| 241 | the i965 driver.
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| 242 | </p>
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| 243 |
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| 244 |
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| 245 | <h2>Version 7.x features</h2>
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| 246 | <p>
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| 247 | Version 7.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 2.1 API. The main feature
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| 248 | of OpenGL 2.x is the OpenGL Shading Language.
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| 249 | </p>
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| 250 |
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| 251 |
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| 252 | <h2>Version 6.x features</h2>
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| 253 | <p>
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| 254 | Version 6.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 1.5 API with the following
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| 255 | extensions incorporated as standard features:
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| 256 | </p>
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| 257 | <ul>
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| 258 | <li>GL_ARB_occlusion_query
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| 259 | <li>GL_ARB_vertex_buffer_object
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| 260 | <li>GL_EXT_shadow_funcs
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| 261 | </ul>
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| 262 | <p>
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| 263 | Also note that several OpenGL tokens were renamed in OpenGL 1.5
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| 264 | for the sake of consistency.
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| 265 | The old tokens are still available.
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| 266 | </p>
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| 267 | <pre>
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| 268 | New Token Old Token
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| 269 | ------------------------------------------------------------
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| 270 | GL_FOG_COORD_SRC GL_FOG_COORDINATE_SOURCE
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| 271 | GL_FOG_COORD GL_FOG_COORDINATE
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| 272 | GL_CURRENT_FOG_COORD GL_CURRENT_FOG_COORDINATE
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| 273 | GL_FOG_COORD_ARRAY_TYPE GL_FOG_COORDINATE_ARRAY_TYPE
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| 274 | GL_FOG_COORD_ARRAY_STRIDE GL_FOG_COORDINATE_ARRAY_STRIDE
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| 275 | GL_FOG_COORD_ARRAY_POINTER GL_FOG_COORDINATE_ARRAY_POINTER
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| 276 | GL_FOG_COORD_ARRAY GL_FOG_COORDINATE_ARRAY
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| 277 | GL_SRC0_RGB GL_SOURCE0_RGB
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| 278 | GL_SRC1_RGB GL_SOURCE1_RGB
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| 279 | GL_SRC2_RGB GL_SOURCE2_RGB
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| 280 | GL_SRC0_ALPHA GL_SOURCE0_ALPHA
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| 281 | GL_SRC1_ALPHA GL_SOURCE1_ALPHA
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| 282 | GL_SRC2_ALPHA GL_SOURCE2_ALPHA
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| 283 | </pre>
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| 284 | <p>
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| 285 | See the
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| 286 | <a href="https://www.opengl.org/documentation/spec.html">
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| 287 | OpenGL specification</a> for more details.
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| 288 | </p>
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| 289 |
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| 290 |
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| 291 |
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| 292 | <h2>Version 5.x features</h2>
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| 293 | <p>
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| 294 | Version 5.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 1.4 API with the following
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| 295 | extensions incorporated as standard features:
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| 296 | </p>
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| 297 | <ul>
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| 298 | <li>GL_ARB_depth_texture
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| 299 | <li>GL_ARB_shadow
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| 300 | <li>GL_ARB_texture_env_crossbar
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| 301 | <li>GL_ARB_texture_mirror_repeat
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| 302 | <li>GL_ARB_window_pos
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| 303 | <li>GL_EXT_blend_color
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| 304 | <li>GL_EXT_blend_func_separate
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| 305 | <li>GL_EXT_blend_logic_op
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| 306 | <li>GL_EXT_blend_minmax
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| 307 | <li>GL_EXT_blend_subtract
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| 308 | <li>GL_EXT_fog_coord
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| 309 | <li>GL_EXT_multi_draw_arrays
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| 310 | <li>GL_EXT_point_parameters
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| 311 | <li>GL_EXT_secondary_color
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| 312 | <li>GL_EXT_stencil_wrap
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| 313 | <li>GL_EXT_texture_lod_bias (plus, a per-texture LOD bias parameter)
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| 314 | <li>GL_SGIS_generate_mipmap
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| 315 | </ul>
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| 316 |
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| 317 |
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| 318 | <h2>Version 4.x features</h2>
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| 319 |
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| 320 | <p>
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| 321 | Version 4.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 1.3 API with the following
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| 322 | extensions incorporated as standard features:
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| 323 | </p>
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| 324 |
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| 325 | <ul>
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| 326 | <li>GL_ARB_multisample
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| 327 | <li>GL_ARB_multitexture
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| 328 | <li>GL_ARB_texture_border_clamp
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| 329 | <li>GL_ARB_texture_compression
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| 330 | <li>GL_ARB_texture_cube_map
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| 331 | <li>GL_ARB_texture_env_add
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| 332 | <li>GL_ARB_texture_env_combine
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| 333 | <li>GL_ARB_texture_env_dot3
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| 334 | <li>GL_ARB_transpose_matrix
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| 335 | </ul>
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| 336 |
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| 337 | <h2>Version 3.x features</h2>
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| 338 |
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| 339 | <p>
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| 340 | Version 3.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 1.2 API with the following
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| 341 | features:
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| 342 | </p>
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| 343 | <ul>
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| 344 | <li>BGR, BGRA and packed pixel formats
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| 345 | <li>New texture border clamp mode
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| 346 | <li>glDrawRangeElements()
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| 347 | <li>standard 3-D texturing
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| 348 | <li>advanced MIPMAP control
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| 349 | <li>separate specular color interpolation
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| 350 | </ul>
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| 351 |
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| 352 |
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| 353 | <h2>Version 2.x features</h2>
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| 354 | <p>
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| 355 | Version 2.x of Mesa implements the OpenGL 1.1 API with the following
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| 356 | features.
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| 357 | </p>
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| 358 | <ul>
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| 359 | <li>Texture mapping:
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| 360 | <ul>
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| 361 | <li>glAreTexturesResident
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| 362 | <li>glBindTexture
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| 363 | <li>glCopyTexImage1D
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| 364 | <li>glCopyTexImage2D
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| 365 | <li>glCopyTexSubImage1D
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| 366 | <li>glCopyTexSubImage2D
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| 367 | <li>glDeleteTextures
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| 368 | <li>glGenTextures
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| 369 | <li>glIsTexture
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| 370 | <li>glPrioritizeTextures
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| 371 | <li>glTexSubImage1D
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| 372 | <li>glTexSubImage2D
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| 373 | </ul>
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| 374 | <li>Vertex Arrays:
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| 375 | <ul>
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| 376 | <li>glArrayElement
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| 377 | <li>glColorPointer
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| 378 | <li>glDrawElements
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| 379 | <li>glEdgeFlagPointer
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| 380 | <li>glIndexPointer
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| 381 | <li>glInterleavedArrays
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| 382 | <li>glNormalPointer
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| 383 | <li>glTexCoordPointer
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| 384 | <li>glVertexPointer
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| 385 | </ul>
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| 386 | <li>Client state management:
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| 387 | <ul>
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| 388 | <li>glDisableClientState
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| 389 | <li>glEnableClientState
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| 390 | <li>glPopClientAttrib
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| 391 | <li>glPushClientAttrib
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| 392 | </ul>
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| 393 | <li>Misc:
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| 394 | <ul>
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| 395 | <li>glGetPointer
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| 396 | <li>glIndexub
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| 397 | <li>glIndexubv
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| 398 | <li>glPolygonOffset
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| 399 | </ul>
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| 400 | </ul>
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| 401 |
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| 402 | </div>
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| 403 | </body>
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|---|
| 404 | </html>
|
|---|
