tstVBoxAPILinux.cpp@ 16853

Last change on this file since 16853 was 16853, checked in by vboxsync, 16 years ago
Main: rename IDVDImage2 to IDVDImage
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1	/** @file
2	*
3	* tstVBoxAPILinux - sample program to illustrate the VirtualBox
4	* XPCOM API for machine management on Linux.
5	* It only uses standard C/C++ and XPCOM semantics,
6	* no additional VBox classes/macros/helpers.
7	*/
8
9	/*
10	* Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
11	*
12	* This file is part of VirtualBox Open Source Edition (OSE), as
13	* available from http://www.virtualbox.org. This file is free software;
14	* you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
15	* General Public License (GPL) as published by the Free Software
16	* Foundation, in version 2 as it comes in the "COPYING" file of the
17	* VirtualBox OSE distribution. VirtualBox OSE is distributed in the
18	* hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY of any kind.
19	*
20	* Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa
21	* Clara, CA 95054 USA or visit http://www.sun.com if you need
22	* additional information or have any questions.
23	*/
24
25	/*
26	* PURPOSE OF THIS SAMPLE PROGRAM
27	* ------------------------------
28	*
29	* This sample program is intended to demonstrate the minimal code necessary
30	* to use VirtualBox XPCOM API for learning puroses only. The program uses
31	* pure XPCOM and doesn't have any extra dependencies to let you better
32	* understand what is going on when a client talks to the VirtualBox core
33	* using the XPCOM framework.
34	*
35	* However, if you want to write a real application, it is highly recommended
36	* to use our MS COM XPCOM Glue library and helper C++ classes. This way, you
37	* will get at least the following benefits:
38	*
39	* a) better portability: both the MS COM (used on Windows) and XPCOM (used
40	* everywhere else) VirtualBox client application from the same source code
41	* (including common smart C++ templates for automatic interface pointer
42	* reference counter and string data management);
43	* b) simpler XPCOM initialization and shutdown (only a signle method call
44	* that does everything right).
45	*
46	* Currently, there is no separate sample program that uses the VirtualBox MS
47	* COM XPCOM Glue library. Please refer to the sources of stock VirtualBox
48	* applications such as the VirtualBox GUI frontend or the VBoxManage command
49	* line frontend.
50	*
51	*
52	* RUNNING THIS SAMPLE PROGRAM
53	* ---------------------------
54	*
55	* This sample program needs to know where the VirtualBox core files reside
56	* and where to search for VirtualBox shared libraries. Therefore, you need to
57	* use the following (or similar) command to execute it:
58	*
59	* $ env VBOX_XPCOM_HOME=../../.. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=../../.. ./tstVBoxAPILinux
60	*
61	* The above command assumes that VBoxRT.so, VBoxXPCOM.so and others reside in
62	* the directory ../../..
63	*/
64
65
66	#include <stdio.h>
67	#include <stdlib.h>
68	#include <iconv.h>
69	#include <errno.h>
70
71	/*
72	* Include the XPCOM headers
73	*/
74
75	#if defined(XPCOM_GLUE)
76	#include <nsXPCOMGlue.h>
77	#endif
78
79	#include <nsMemory.h>
80	#include <nsString.h>
81	#include <nsIServiceManager.h>
82	#include <nsEventQueueUtils.h>
83
84	#include <nsIExceptionService.h>
85
86	/*
87	* VirtualBox XPCOM interface. This header is generated
88	* from IDL which in turn is generated from a custom XML format.
89	*/
90	#include "VirtualBox_XPCOM.h"
91
92	/*
93	* Prototypes
94	*/
95
96	char nsIDToString(nsID guid);
97	void printErrorInfo();
98
99
100	/**
101	* Display all registered VMs on the screen with some information about each
102	*
103	* @param virtualBox VirtualBox instance object.
104	*/
105	void listVMs(IVirtualBox *virtualBox)
106	{
107	nsresult rc;
108
109	printf("----------------------------------------------------\n");
110	printf("VM List:\n\n");
111
112	/*
113	* Get the list of all registered VMs
114	*/
115	IMachine **machines = NULL;
116	PRUint32 machineCnt = 0;
117
118	rc = virtualBox->GetMachines2(&machineCnt, &machines);
119	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc))
120	{
121	/*
122	* Iterate through the collection
123	*/
124	for (PRUint32 i = 0; i < machineCnt; ++ i)
125	{
126	IMachine *machine = machines [i];
127	if (machine)
128	{
129	PRBool isAccessible = PR_FALSE;
130	machine->GetAccessible (&isAccessible);
131
132	if (isAccessible)
133	{
134	nsXPIDLString machineName;
135	machine->GetName(getter_Copies(machineName));
136	char *machineNameAscii = ToNewCString(machineName);
137	printf("\tName: %s\n", machineNameAscii);
138	free(machineNameAscii);
139	}
140	else
141	{
142	printf("\tName: <inaccessible>\n");
143	}
144
145	nsID *iid = nsnull;
146	machine->GetId(&iid);
147	const char *uuidString = nsIDToString(iid);
148	printf("\tUUID: %s\n", uuidString);
149	free((void*)uuidString);
150	nsMemory::Free(iid);
151
152	if (isAccessible)
153	{
154	nsXPIDLString configFile;
155	machine->GetSettingsFilePath(getter_Copies(configFile));
156	char *configFileAscii = ToNewCString(configFile);
157	printf("\tConfig file: %s\n", configFileAscii);
158	free(configFileAscii);
159
160	PRUint32 memorySize;
161	machine->GetMemorySize(&memorySize);
162	printf("\tMemory size: %uMB\n", memorySize);
163
164	nsXPIDLString typeId;
165	machine->GetOSTypeId(getter_Copies(typeId));
166	IGuestOSType *osType = nsnull;
167	virtualBox->GetGuestOSType (typeId.get(), &osType);
168	nsXPIDLString osName;
169	osType->GetDescription(getter_Copies(osName));
170	char *osNameAscii = ToNewCString(osName);
171	printf("\tGuest OS: %s\n\n", osNameAscii);
172	free(osNameAscii);
173	osType->Release();
174	}
175
176	/* don't forget to release the objects in the array... */
177	machine->Release();
178	}
179	}
180	}
181	printf("----------------------------------------------------\n\n");
182	}
183
184	/**
185	* Create a sample VM
186	*
187	* @param virtualBox VirtualBox instance object.
188	*/
189	void createVM(IVirtualBox *virtualBox)
190	{
191	nsresult rc;
192	/*
193	* First create a unnamed new VM. It will be unconfigured and not be saved
194	* in the configuration until we explicitely choose to do so.
195	*/
196	nsID VMuuid = {0};
197	nsCOMPtr <IMachine> machine;
198	rc = virtualBox->CreateMachine(NS_LITERAL_STRING("A brand new name").get(),
199	nsnull, nsnull, VMuuid, getter_AddRefs(machine));
200	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
201	{
202	printf("Error: could not create machine! rc=%08X\n", rc);
203	return;
204	}
205
206	/*
207	* Set some properties
208	*/
209	/* alternative to illustrate the use of string classes */
210	rc = machine->SetName(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16("A new name").get());
211	rc = machine->SetMemorySize(128);
212
213	/*
214	* Now a more advanced property -- the guest OS type. This is
215	* an object by itself which has to be found first. Note that we
216	* use the ID of the guest OS type here which is an internal
217	* representation (you can find that by configuring the OS type of
218	* a machine in the GUI and then looking at the <Guest ostype=""/>
219	* setting in the XML file. It is also possible to get the OS type from
220	* its description (win2k would be "Windows 2000") by getting the
221	* guest OS type collection and enumerating it.
222	*/
223	nsCOMPtr <IGuestOSType> osType;
224	rc = virtualBox->GetGuestOSType(NS_LITERAL_STRING("win2k").get(),
225	getter_AddRefs(osType));
226	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
227	{
228	printf("Error: could not find guest OS type! rc=%08X\n", rc);
229	}
230	else
231	{
232	machine->SetOSTypeId (NS_LITERAL_STRING("win2k").get());
233	}
234
235	/*
236	* Register the VM. Note that this call also saves the VM config
237	* to disk. It is also possible to save the VM settings but not
238	* register the VM.
239	*
240	* Also note that due to current VirtualBox limitations, the machine
241	* must be registered before we can attach hard disks to it.
242	*/
243	rc = virtualBox->RegisterMachine(machine);
244	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
245	{
246	printf("Error: could not register machine! rc=%08X\n", rc);
247	printErrorInfo();
248	return;
249	}
250
251	/*
252	* In order to manipulate the registered machine, we must open a session
253	* for that machine. Do it now.
254	*/
255	nsCOMPtr<ISession> session;
256	{
257	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentManager> manager;
258	rc = NS_GetComponentManager (getter_AddRefs (manager));
259	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
260	{
261	printf("Error: could not get component manager! rc=%08X\n", rc);
262	return;
263	}
264	rc = manager->CreateInstanceByContractID (NS_SESSION_CONTRACTID,
265	nsnull,
266	NS_GET_IID(ISession),
267	getter_AddRefs(session));
268	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
269	{
270	printf("Error, could not instantiate Session object! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
271	return;
272	}
273
274	nsID *machineUUID = nsnull;
275	machine->GetId(&machineUUID);
276	rc = virtualBox->OpenSession(session, *machineUUID);
277	nsMemory::Free(machineUUID);
278	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
279	{
280	printf("Error, could not open session! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
281	return;
282	}
283
284	/*
285	* After the machine is registered, the initial machine object becomes
286	* immutable. In order to get a mutable machine object, we must query
287	* it from the opened session object.
288	*/
289	rc = session->GetMachine(getter_AddRefs(machine));
290	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
291	{
292	printf("Error, could not get sessioned machine! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
293	return;
294	}
295	}
296
297	/*
298	* Create a virtual harddisk
299	*/
300	nsCOMPtr<IHardDisk2> hardDisk = 0;
301	rc = virtualBox->CreateHardDisk2(NS_LITERAL_STRING("VDI").get(),
302	NS_LITERAL_STRING("TestHardDisk.vdi").get(),
303	getter_AddRefs(hardDisk));
304	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
305	{
306	printf("Failed creating a hard disk object! rc=%08X\n", rc);
307	}
308	else
309	{
310	/*
311	* We have only created an object so far. No on disk representation exists
312	* because none of its properties has been set so far. Let's continue creating
313	* a dynamically expanding image.
314	*/
315	nsCOMPtr <IProgress> progress;
316	rc = hardDisk->CreateDynamicStorage(100, // size in megabytes
317	getter_AddRefs(progress)); // optional progress object
318	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
319	{
320	printf("Failed creating hard disk image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
321	}
322	else
323	{
324	/*
325	* Creating the image is done in the background because it can take quite
326	* some time (at least fixed size images). We have to wait for its completion.
327	* Here we wait forever (timeout -1) which is potentially dangerous.
328	*/
329	rc = progress->WaitForCompletion(-1);
330	nsresult resultCode;
331	progress->GetResultCode(&resultCode);
332	if (NS_FAILED(rc) \|\| NS_FAILED(resultCode))
333	{
334	printf("Error: could not create hard disk! rc=%08X\n",
335	NS_FAILED(rc) ? rc : resultCode);
336	}
337	else
338	{
339	/*
340	* Now that it's created, we can assign it to the VM. This is done
341	* by UUID, so query that one fist. The UUID has been assigned automatically
342	* when we've created the image.
343	*/
344	nsID *vdiUUID = nsnull;
345	hardDisk->GetId(&vdiUUID);
346	rc = machine->AttachHardDisk2(*vdiUUID,
347	StorageBus::IDE, // controler identifier
348	0, // channel number on the controller
349	0); // device number on the controller
350	nsMemory::Free(vdiUUID);
351	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
352	{
353	printf("Error: could not attach hard disk! rc=%08X\n", rc);
354	}
355	}
356	}
357	}
358
359	/*
360	* It's got a hard disk but that one is new and thus not bootable. Make it
361	* boot from an ISO file. This requires some processing. First the ISO file
362	* has to be registered and then mounted to the VM's DVD drive and selected
363	* as the boot device.
364	*/
365	nsID uuid = {0};
366	nsCOMPtr<IDVDImage> dvdImage;
367
368	rc = virtualBox->OpenDVDImage(NS_LITERAL_STRING("/home/achimha/isoimages/winnt4ger.iso").get(),
369	uuid, /* NULL UUID, i.e. a new one will be created */
370	getter_AddRefs(dvdImage));
371	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
372	{
373	printf("Error: could not open CD image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
374	}
375	else
376	{
377	/*
378	* Now assign it to our VM
379	*/
380	nsID *isoUUID = nsnull;
381	dvdImage->GetId(&isoUUID);
382	nsCOMPtr<IDVDDrive> dvdDrive;
383	machine->GetDVDDrive(getter_AddRefs(dvdDrive));
384	rc = dvdDrive->MountImage(*isoUUID);
385	nsMemory::Free(isoUUID);
386	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
387	{
388	printf("Error: could not mount ISO image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
389	}
390	else
391	{
392	/*
393	* Last step: tell the VM to boot from the CD.
394	*/
395	rc = machine->SetBootOrder (1, DeviceType::DVD);
396	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
397	{
398	printf("Could not set boot device! rc=%08X\n", rc);
399	}
400	}
401	}
402
403	/*
404	* Save all changes we've just made.
405	*/
406	rc = machine->SaveSettings();
407	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
408	{
409	printf("Could not save machine settings! rc=%08X\n", rc);
410	}
411
412	/*
413	* It is always important to close the open session when it becomes not
414	* necessary any more.
415	*/
416	session->Close();
417	}
418
419	// main
420	///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
421
422	int main(int argc, char *argv[])
423	{
424	/*
425	* Check that PRUnichar is equal in size to what compiler composes L""
426	* strings from; otherwise NS_LITERAL_STRING macros won't work correctly
427	* and we will get a meaningless SIGSEGV. This, of course, must be checked
428	* at compile time in xpcom/string/nsTDependentString.h, but XPCOM lacks
429	* compile-time assert macros and I'm not going to add them now.
430	*/
431	if (sizeof(PRUnichar) != sizeof(wchar_t))
432	{
433	printf("Error: sizeof(PRUnichar) {%lu} != sizeof(wchar_t) {%lu}!\n"
434	"Probably, you forgot the -fshort-wchar compiler option.\n",
435	(unsigned long) sizeof(PRUnichar),
436	(unsigned long) sizeof(wchar_t));
437	return -1;
438	}
439
440	nsresult rc;
441
442	/*
443	* This is the standard XPCOM init procedure.
444	* What we do is just follow the required steps to get an instance
445	* of our main interface, which is IVirtualBox.
446	*/
447	#if defined(XPCOM_GLUE)
448	XPCOMGlueStartup(nsnull);
449	#endif
450
451	/*
452	* Note that we scope all nsCOMPtr variables in order to have all XPCOM
453	* objects automatically released before we call NS_ShutdownXPCOM at the
454	* end. This is an XPCOM requirement.
455	*/
456	{
457	nsCOMPtr<nsIServiceManager> serviceManager;
458	rc = NS_InitXPCOM2(getter_AddRefs(serviceManager), nsnull, nsnull);
459	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
460	{
461	printf("Error: XPCOM could not be initialized! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
462	return -1;
463	}
464
465	#if 0
466	/*
467	* Register our components. This step is only necessary if this executable
468	* implements XPCOM components itself which is not the case for this
469	* simple example.
470	*/
471	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentRegistrar> registrar = do_QueryInterface(serviceManager);
472	if (!registrar)
473	{
474	printf("Error: could not query nsIComponentRegistrar interface!\n");
475	return -1;
476	}
477	registrar->AutoRegister(nsnull);
478	#endif
479
480	/*
481	* Make sure the main event queue is created. This event queue is
482	* responsible for dispatching incoming XPCOM IPC messages. The main
483	* thread should run this event queue's loop during lengthy non-XPCOM
484	* operations to ensure messages from the VirtualBox server and other
485	* XPCOM IPC clients are processed. This use case doesn't perform such
486	* operations so it doesn't run the event loop.
487	*/
488	nsCOMPtr<nsIEventQueue> eventQ;
489	rc = NS_GetMainEventQ(getter_AddRefs (eventQ));
490	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
491	{
492	printf("Error: could not get main event queue! rc=%08X\n", rc);
493	return -1;
494	}
495
496	/*
497	* Now XPCOM is ready and we can start to do real work.
498	* IVirtualBox is the root interface of VirtualBox and will be
499	* retrieved from the XPCOM component manager. We use the
500	* XPCOM provided smart pointer nsCOMPtr for all objects because
501	* that's very convenient and removes the need deal with reference
502	* counting and freeing.
503	*/
504	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentManager> manager;
505	rc = NS_GetComponentManager (getter_AddRefs (manager));
506	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
507	{
508	printf("Error: could not get component manager! rc=%08X\n", rc);
509	return -1;
510	}
511
512	nsCOMPtr<IVirtualBox> virtualBox;
513	rc = manager->CreateInstanceByContractID (NS_VIRTUALBOX_CONTRACTID,
514	nsnull,
515	NS_GET_IID(IVirtualBox),
516	getter_AddRefs(virtualBox));
517	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
518	{
519	printf("Error, could not instantiate VirtualBox object! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
520	return -1;
521	}
522	printf("VirtualBox object created\n");
523
524	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
525	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
526	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
527
528
529	listVMs(virtualBox);
530
531	createVM(virtualBox);
532
533
534	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
535	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
536	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
537
538	/* this is enough to free the IVirtualBox instance -- smart pointers rule! */
539	virtualBox = nsnull;
540
541	/*
542	* Process events that might have queued up in the XPCOM event
543	* queue. If we don't process them, the server might hang.
544	*/
545	eventQ->ProcessPendingEvents();
546	}
547
548	/*
549	* Perform the standard XPCOM shutdown procedure.
550	*/
551	NS_ShutdownXPCOM(nsnull);
552	#if defined(XPCOM_GLUE)
553	XPCOMGlueShutdown();
554	#endif
555	printf("Done!\n");
556	return 0;
557	}
558
559
560	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
561	//// Helpers
562	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
563
564	/**
565	* Helper function to convert an nsID into a human readable string
566	*
567	* @returns result string, allocated. Has to be freed using free()
568	* @param guid Pointer to nsID that will be converted.
569	*/
570	char nsIDToString(nsID guid)
571	{
572	char res = (char)malloc(39);
573
574	if (res != NULL)
575	{
576	snprintf(res, 39, "{%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x}",
577	guid->m0, (PRUint32)guid->m1, (PRUint32)guid->m2,
578	(PRUint32)guid->m3[0], (PRUint32)guid->m3[1], (PRUint32)guid->m3[2],
579	(PRUint32)guid->m3[3], (PRUint32)guid->m3[4], (PRUint32)guid->m3[5],
580	(PRUint32)guid->m3[6], (PRUint32)guid->m3[7]);
581	}
582	return res;
583	}
584
585	/**
586	* Helper function to print XPCOM exception information set on the current
587	* thread after a failed XPCOM method call. This function will also print
588	* extended VirtualBox error info if it is available.
589	*/
590	void printErrorInfo()
591	{
592	nsresult rc;
593
594	nsCOMPtr <nsIExceptionService> es;
595	es = do_GetService (NS_EXCEPTIONSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rc);
596	if (NS_SUCCEEDED (rc))
597	{
598	nsCOMPtr <nsIExceptionManager> em;
599	rc = es->GetCurrentExceptionManager (getter_AddRefs (em));
600	if (NS_SUCCEEDED (rc))
601	{
602	nsCOMPtr<nsIException> ex;
603	rc = em->GetCurrentException (getter_AddRefs (ex));
604	if (NS_SUCCEEDED (rc) && ex)
605	{
606	nsCOMPtr <IVirtualBoxErrorInfo> info;
607	info = do_QueryInterface(ex, &rc);
608	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc) && info)
609	{
610	/* got extended error info */
611	printf ("Extended error info (IVirtualBoxErrorInfo):\n");
612	nsresult resultCode = NS_OK;
613	info->GetResultCode (&resultCode);
614	printf (" resultCode=%08X\n", resultCode);
615	nsXPIDLString component;
616	info->GetComponent (getter_Copies (component));
617	printf (" component=%s\n", NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(component).get());
618	nsXPIDLString text;
619	info->GetText (getter_Copies (text));
620	printf (" text=%s\n", NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(text).get());
621	}
622	else
623	{
624	/* got basic error info */
625	printf ("Basic error info (nsIException):\n");
626	nsresult resultCode = NS_OK;
627	ex->GetResult (&resultCode);
628	printf (" resultCode=%08X\n", resultCode);
629	nsXPIDLCString message;
630	ex->GetMessage (getter_Copies (message));
631	printf (" message=%s\n", message.get());
632	}
633
634	/* reset the exception to NULL to indicate we've processed it */
635	em->SetCurrentException (NULL);
636
637	rc = NS_OK;
638	}
639	}
640	}
641	}

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source: vbox/trunk/src/VBox/Main/testcase/tstVBoxAPILinux.cpp@ 16853

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