tstVBoxAPILinux.cpp@ 22277

Last change on this file since 22277 was 21878, checked in by vboxsync, 15 years ago
Main: coding style: have Main obey the standard VirtualBox coding style rules (no functional changes)
Property svn:eol-style set to `native` Property svn:keywords set to `Author Date Id Revision`
File size: 22.2 KB

Line
1	/** @file
2	*
3	* tstVBoxAPILinux - sample program to illustrate the VirtualBox
4	* XPCOM API for machine management on Linux.
5	* It only uses standard C/C++ and XPCOM semantics,
6	* no additional VBox classes/macros/helpers.
7	*/
8
9	/*
10	* Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
11	*
12	* This file is part of VirtualBox Open Source Edition (OSE), as
13	* available from http://www.virtualbox.org. This file is free software;
14	* you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU
15	* General Public License (GPL) as published by the Free Software
16	* Foundation, in version 2 as it comes in the "COPYING" file of the
17	* VirtualBox OSE distribution. VirtualBox OSE is distributed in the
18	* hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY of any kind.
19	*
20	* Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa
21	* Clara, CA 95054 USA or visit http://www.sun.com if you need
22	* additional information or have any questions.
23	*/
24
25	/*
26	* PURPOSE OF THIS SAMPLE PROGRAM
27	* ------------------------------
28	*
29	* This sample program is intended to demonstrate the minimal code necessary
30	* to use VirtualBox XPCOM API for learning puroses only. The program uses
31	* pure XPCOM and doesn't have any extra dependencies to let you better
32	* understand what is going on when a client talks to the VirtualBox core
33	* using the XPCOM framework.
34	*
35	* However, if you want to write a real application, it is highly recommended
36	* to use our MS COM XPCOM Glue library and helper C++ classes. This way, you
37	* will get at least the following benefits:
38	*
39	* a) better portability: both the MS COM (used on Windows) and XPCOM (used
40	* everywhere else) VirtualBox client application from the same source code
41	* (including common smart C++ templates for automatic interface pointer
42	* reference counter and string data management);
43	* b) simpler XPCOM initialization and shutdown (only a signle method call
44	* that does everything right).
45	*
46	* Currently, there is no separate sample program that uses the VirtualBox MS
47	* COM XPCOM Glue library. Please refer to the sources of stock VirtualBox
48	* applications such as the VirtualBox GUI frontend or the VBoxManage command
49	* line frontend.
50	*
51	*
52	* RUNNING THIS SAMPLE PROGRAM
53	* ---------------------------
54	*
55	* This sample program needs to know where the VirtualBox core files reside
56	* and where to search for VirtualBox shared libraries. Therefore, you need to
57	* use the following (or similar) command to execute it:
58	*
59	* $ env VBOX_XPCOM_HOME=../../.. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=../../.. ./tstVBoxAPILinux
60	*
61	* The above command assumes that VBoxRT.so, VBoxXPCOM.so and others reside in
62	* the directory ../../..
63	*/
64
65
66	#include <stdio.h>
67	#include <stdlib.h>
68	#include <iconv.h>
69	#include <errno.h>
70
71	/*
72	* Include the XPCOM headers
73	*/
74
75	#if defined(XPCOM_GLUE)
76	#include <nsXPCOMGlue.h>
77	#endif
78
79	#include <nsMemory.h>
80	#include <nsString.h>
81	#include <nsIServiceManager.h>
82	#include <nsEventQueueUtils.h>
83
84	#include <nsIExceptionService.h>
85
86	/*
87	* VirtualBox XPCOM interface. This header is generated
88	* from IDL which in turn is generated from a custom XML format.
89	*/
90	#include "VirtualBox_XPCOM.h"
91
92	/*
93	* Prototypes
94	*/
95
96	char nsIDToString(nsID guid);
97	void printErrorInfo();
98
99
100	/**
101	* Display all registered VMs on the screen with some information about each
102	*
103	* @param virtualBox VirtualBox instance object.
104	*/
105	void listVMs(IVirtualBox *virtualBox)
106	{
107	nsresult rc;
108
109	printf("----------------------------------------------------\n");
110	printf("VM List:\n\n");
111
112	/*
113	* Get the list of all registered VMs
114	*/
115	IMachine **machines = NULL;
116	PRUint32 machineCnt = 0;
117
118	rc = virtualBox->GetMachines(&machineCnt, &machines);
119	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc))
120	{
121	/*
122	* Iterate through the collection
123	*/
124	for (PRUint32 i = 0; i < machineCnt; ++ i)
125	{
126	IMachine *machine = machines [i];
127	if (machine)
128	{
129	PRBool isAccessible = PR_FALSE;
130	machine->GetAccessible (&isAccessible);
131
132	if (isAccessible)
133	{
134	nsXPIDLString machineName;
135	machine->GetName(getter_Copies(machineName));
136	char *machineNameAscii = ToNewCString(machineName);
137	printf("\tName: %s\n", machineNameAscii);
138	free(machineNameAscii);
139	}
140	else
141	{
142	printf("\tName: <inaccessible>\n");
143	}
144
145	nsXPIDLString iid;
146	machine->GetId(getter_Copies(iid));
147	const char *uuidString = ToNewCString(iid);
148	printf("\tUUID: %s\n", uuidString);
149	free((void*)uuidString);
150
151	if (isAccessible)
152	{
153	nsXPIDLString configFile;
154	machine->GetSettingsFilePath(getter_Copies(configFile));
155	char *configFileAscii = ToNewCString(configFile);
156	printf("\tConfig file: %s\n", configFileAscii);
157	free(configFileAscii);
158
159	PRUint32 memorySize;
160	machine->GetMemorySize(&memorySize);
161	printf("\tMemory size: %uMB\n", memorySize);
162
163	nsXPIDLString typeId;
164	machine->GetOSTypeId(getter_Copies(typeId));
165	IGuestOSType *osType = nsnull;
166	virtualBox->GetGuestOSType (typeId.get(), &osType);
167	nsXPIDLString osName;
168	osType->GetDescription(getter_Copies(osName));
169	char *osNameAscii = ToNewCString(osName);
170	printf("\tGuest OS: %s\n\n", osNameAscii);
171	free(osNameAscii);
172	osType->Release();
173	}
174
175	/* don't forget to release the objects in the array... */
176	machine->Release();
177	}
178	}
179	}
180	printf("----------------------------------------------------\n\n");
181	}
182
183	/**
184	* Create a sample VM
185	*
186	* @param virtualBox VirtualBox instance object.
187	*/
188	void createVM(IVirtualBox *virtualBox)
189	{
190	nsresult rc;
191	/*
192	* First create a unnamed new VM. It will be unconfigured and not be saved
193	* in the configuration until we explicitely choose to do so.
194	*/
195	nsCOMPtr <IMachine> machine;
196	rc = virtualBox->CreateMachine(NS_LITERAL_STRING("A brand new name").get(),
197	nsnull, nsnull, nsnull, getter_AddRefs(machine));
198	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
199	{
200	printf("Error: could not create machine! rc=%08X\n", rc);
201	return;
202	}
203
204	/*
205	* Set some properties
206	*/
207	/* alternative to illustrate the use of string classes */
208	rc = machine->SetName(NS_ConvertUTF8toUTF16("A new name").get());
209	rc = machine->SetMemorySize(128);
210
211	/*
212	* Now a more advanced property -- the guest OS type. This is
213	* an object by itself which has to be found first. Note that we
214	* use the ID of the guest OS type here which is an internal
215	* representation (you can find that by configuring the OS type of
216	* a machine in the GUI and then looking at the <Guest ostype=""/>
217	* setting in the XML file. It is also possible to get the OS type from
218	* its description (win2k would be "Windows 2000") by getting the
219	* guest OS type collection and enumerating it.
220	*/
221	nsCOMPtr <IGuestOSType> osType;
222	rc = virtualBox->GetGuestOSType(NS_LITERAL_STRING("win2k").get(),
223	getter_AddRefs(osType));
224	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
225	{
226	printf("Error: could not find guest OS type! rc=%08X\n", rc);
227	}
228	else
229	{
230	machine->SetOSTypeId (NS_LITERAL_STRING("win2k").get());
231	}
232
233	/*
234	* Register the VM. Note that this call also saves the VM config
235	* to disk. It is also possible to save the VM settings but not
236	* register the VM.
237	*
238	* Also note that due to current VirtualBox limitations, the machine
239	* must be registered before we can attach hard disks to it.
240	*/
241	rc = virtualBox->RegisterMachine(machine);
242	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
243	{
244	printf("Error: could not register machine! rc=%08X\n", rc);
245	printErrorInfo();
246	return;
247	}
248
249	/*
250	* In order to manipulate the registered machine, we must open a session
251	* for that machine. Do it now.
252	*/
253	nsCOMPtr<ISession> session;
254	{
255	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentManager> manager;
256	rc = NS_GetComponentManager (getter_AddRefs (manager));
257	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
258	{
259	printf("Error: could not get component manager! rc=%08X\n", rc);
260	return;
261	}
262	rc = manager->CreateInstanceByContractID (NS_SESSION_CONTRACTID,
263	nsnull,
264	NS_GET_IID(ISession),
265	getter_AddRefs(session));
266	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
267	{
268	printf("Error, could not instantiate Session object! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
269	return;
270	}
271
272	nsXPIDLString machineUUID;
273	machine->GetId(getter_Copies(machineUUID));
274	rc = virtualBox->OpenSession(session, machineUUID);
275	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
276	{
277	printf("Error, could not open session! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
278	return;
279	}
280
281	/*
282	* After the machine is registered, the initial machine object becomes
283	* immutable. In order to get a mutable machine object, we must query
284	* it from the opened session object.
285	*/
286	rc = session->GetMachine(getter_AddRefs(machine));
287	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
288	{
289	printf("Error, could not get sessioned machine! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
290	return;
291	}
292	}
293
294	/*
295	* Create a virtual harddisk
296	*/
297	nsCOMPtr<IHardDisk> hardDisk = 0;
298	rc = virtualBox->CreateHardDisk(NS_LITERAL_STRING("VDI").get(),
299	NS_LITERAL_STRING("TestHardDisk.vdi").get(),
300	getter_AddRefs(hardDisk));
301	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
302	{
303	printf("Failed creating a hard disk object! rc=%08X\n", rc);
304	}
305	else
306	{
307	/*
308	* We have only created an object so far. No on disk representation exists
309	* because none of its properties has been set so far. Let's continue creating
310	* a dynamically expanding image.
311	*/
312	nsCOMPtr <IProgress> progress;
313	rc = hardDisk->CreateBaseStorage(100, // size in megabytes
314	HardDiskVariant_Standard,
315	getter_AddRefs(progress)); // optional progress object
316	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
317	{
318	printf("Failed creating hard disk image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
319	}
320	else
321	{
322	/*
323	* Creating the image is done in the background because it can take quite
324	* some time (at least fixed size images). We have to wait for its completion.
325	* Here we wait forever (timeout -1) which is potentially dangerous.
326	*/
327	rc = progress->WaitForCompletion(-1);
328	PRInt32 resultCode;
329	progress->GetResultCode(&resultCode);
330	if (NS_FAILED(rc) \|\| NS_FAILED(resultCode))
331	{
332	printf("Error: could not create hard disk! rc=%08X\n",
333	NS_FAILED(rc) ? rc : resultCode);
334	}
335	else
336	{
337	/*
338	* Now that it's created, we can assign it to the VM. This is done
339	* by UUID, so query that one fist. The UUID has been assigned automatically
340	* when we've created the image.
341	*/
342	nsXPIDLString vdiUUID;
343	hardDisk->GetId(getter_Copies(vdiUUID));
344	rc = machine->AttachHardDisk(vdiUUID,
345	NS_LITERAL_STRING("IDE").get(), // controler identifier
346	0, // channel number on the controller
347	0); // device number on the controller
348	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
349	{
350	printf("Error: could not attach hard disk! rc=%08X\n", rc);
351	}
352	}
353	}
354	}
355
356	/*
357	* It's got a hard disk but that one is new and thus not bootable. Make it
358	* boot from an ISO file. This requires some processing. First the ISO file
359	* has to be registered and then mounted to the VM's DVD drive and selected
360	* as the boot device.
361	*/
362	nsCOMPtr<IDVDImage> dvdImage;
363
364	rc = virtualBox->OpenDVDImage(NS_LITERAL_STRING("/home/achimha/isoimages/winnt4ger.iso").get(),
365	nsnull, /* NULL UUID, i.e. a new one will be created */
366	getter_AddRefs(dvdImage));
367	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
368	{
369	printf("Error: could not open CD image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
370	}
371	else
372	{
373	/*
374	* Now assign it to our VM
375	*/
376	nsXPIDLString isoUUID;
377	dvdImage->GetId(getter_Copies(isoUUID));
378	nsCOMPtr<IDVDDrive> dvdDrive;
379	machine->GetDVDDrive(getter_AddRefs(dvdDrive));
380	rc = dvdDrive->MountImage(isoUUID);
381	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
382	{
383	printf("Error: could not mount ISO image! rc=%08X\n", rc);
384	}
385	else
386	{
387	/*
388	* Last step: tell the VM to boot from the CD.
389	*/
390	rc = machine->SetBootOrder (1, DeviceType::DVD);
391	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
392	{
393	printf("Could not set boot device! rc=%08X\n", rc);
394	}
395	}
396	}
397
398	/*
399	* Save all changes we've just made.
400	*/
401	rc = machine->SaveSettings();
402	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
403	{
404	printf("Could not save machine settings! rc=%08X\n", rc);
405	}
406
407	/*
408	* It is always important to close the open session when it becomes not
409	* necessary any more.
410	*/
411	session->Close();
412	}
413
414	// main
415	///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
416
417	int main(int argc, char *argv[])
418	{
419	/*
420	* Check that PRUnichar is equal in size to what compiler composes L""
421	* strings from; otherwise NS_LITERAL_STRING macros won't work correctly
422	* and we will get a meaningless SIGSEGV. This, of course, must be checked
423	* at compile time in xpcom/string/nsTDependentString.h, but XPCOM lacks
424	* compile-time assert macros and I'm not going to add them now.
425	*/
426	if (sizeof(PRUnichar) != sizeof(wchar_t))
427	{
428	printf("Error: sizeof(PRUnichar) {%lu} != sizeof(wchar_t) {%lu}!\n"
429	"Probably, you forgot the -fshort-wchar compiler option.\n",
430	(unsigned long) sizeof(PRUnichar),
431	(unsigned long) sizeof(wchar_t));
432	return -1;
433	}
434
435	nsresult rc;
436
437	/*
438	* This is the standard XPCOM init procedure.
439	* What we do is just follow the required steps to get an instance
440	* of our main interface, which is IVirtualBox.
441	*/
442	#if defined(XPCOM_GLUE)
443	XPCOMGlueStartup(nsnull);
444	#endif
445
446	/*
447	* Note that we scope all nsCOMPtr variables in order to have all XPCOM
448	* objects automatically released before we call NS_ShutdownXPCOM at the
449	* end. This is an XPCOM requirement.
450	*/
451	{
452	nsCOMPtr<nsIServiceManager> serviceManager;
453	rc = NS_InitXPCOM2(getter_AddRefs(serviceManager), nsnull, nsnull);
454	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
455	{
456	printf("Error: XPCOM could not be initialized! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
457	return -1;
458	}
459
460	#if 0
461	/*
462	* Register our components. This step is only necessary if this executable
463	* implements XPCOM components itself which is not the case for this
464	* simple example.
465	*/
466	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentRegistrar> registrar = do_QueryInterface(serviceManager);
467	if (!registrar)
468	{
469	printf("Error: could not query nsIComponentRegistrar interface!\n");
470	return -1;
471	}
472	registrar->AutoRegister(nsnull);
473	#endif
474
475	/*
476	* Make sure the main event queue is created. This event queue is
477	* responsible for dispatching incoming XPCOM IPC messages. The main
478	* thread should run this event queue's loop during lengthy non-XPCOM
479	* operations to ensure messages from the VirtualBox server and other
480	* XPCOM IPC clients are processed. This use case doesn't perform such
481	* operations so it doesn't run the event loop.
482	*/
483	nsCOMPtr<nsIEventQueue> eventQ;
484	rc = NS_GetMainEventQ(getter_AddRefs (eventQ));
485	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
486	{
487	printf("Error: could not get main event queue! rc=%08X\n", rc);
488	return -1;
489	}
490
491	/*
492	* Now XPCOM is ready and we can start to do real work.
493	* IVirtualBox is the root interface of VirtualBox and will be
494	* retrieved from the XPCOM component manager. We use the
495	* XPCOM provided smart pointer nsCOMPtr for all objects because
496	* that's very convenient and removes the need deal with reference
497	* counting and freeing.
498	*/
499	nsCOMPtr<nsIComponentManager> manager;
500	rc = NS_GetComponentManager (getter_AddRefs (manager));
501	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
502	{
503	printf("Error: could not get component manager! rc=%08X\n", rc);
504	return -1;
505	}
506
507	nsCOMPtr<IVirtualBox> virtualBox;
508	rc = manager->CreateInstanceByContractID (NS_VIRTUALBOX_CONTRACTID,
509	nsnull,
510	NS_GET_IID(IVirtualBox),
511	getter_AddRefs(virtualBox));
512	if (NS_FAILED(rc))
513	{
514	printf("Error, could not instantiate VirtualBox object! rc=0x%x\n", rc);
515	return -1;
516	}
517	printf("VirtualBox object created\n");
518
519	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
520	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
521	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
522
523
524	listVMs(virtualBox);
525
526	createVM(virtualBox);
527
528
529	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
530	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
531	////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
532
533	/* this is enough to free the IVirtualBox instance -- smart pointers rule! */
534	virtualBox = nsnull;
535
536	/*
537	* Process events that might have queued up in the XPCOM event
538	* queue. If we don't process them, the server might hang.
539	*/
540	eventQ->ProcessPendingEvents();
541	}
542
543	/*
544	* Perform the standard XPCOM shutdown procedure.
545	*/
546	NS_ShutdownXPCOM(nsnull);
547	#if defined(XPCOM_GLUE)
548	XPCOMGlueShutdown();
549	#endif
550	printf("Done!\n");
551	return 0;
552	}
553
554
555	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
556	//// Helpers
557	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
558
559	/**
560	* Helper function to convert an nsID into a human readable string
561	*
562	* @returns result string, allocated. Has to be freed using free()
563	* @param guid Pointer to nsID that will be converted.
564	*/
565	char nsIDToString(nsID guid)
566	{
567	char res = (char)malloc(39);
568
569	if (res != NULL)
570	{
571	snprintf(res, 39, "{%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x}",
572	guid->m0, (PRUint32)guid->m1, (PRUint32)guid->m2,
573	(PRUint32)guid->m3[0], (PRUint32)guid->m3[1], (PRUint32)guid->m3[2],
574	(PRUint32)guid->m3[3], (PRUint32)guid->m3[4], (PRUint32)guid->m3[5],
575	(PRUint32)guid->m3[6], (PRUint32)guid->m3[7]);
576	}
577	return res;
578	}
579
580	/**
581	* Helper function to print XPCOM exception information set on the current
582	* thread after a failed XPCOM method call. This function will also print
583	* extended VirtualBox error info if it is available.
584	*/
585	void printErrorInfo()
586	{
587	nsresult rc;
588
589	nsCOMPtr <nsIExceptionService> es;
590	es = do_GetService (NS_EXCEPTIONSERVICE_CONTRACTID, &rc);
591	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc))
592	{
593	nsCOMPtr <nsIExceptionManager> em;
594	rc = es->GetCurrentExceptionManager (getter_AddRefs (em));
595	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc))
596	{
597	nsCOMPtr<nsIException> ex;
598	rc = em->GetCurrentException (getter_AddRefs (ex));
599	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc) && ex)
600	{
601	nsCOMPtr <IVirtualBoxErrorInfo> info;
602	info = do_QueryInterface(ex, &rc);
603	if (NS_SUCCEEDED(rc) && info)
604	{
605	/* got extended error info */
606	printf ("Extended error info (IVirtualBoxErrorInfo):\n");
607	PRInt32 resultCode = NS_OK;
608	info->GetResultCode (&resultCode);
609	printf (" resultCode=%08X\n", resultCode);
610	nsXPIDLString component;
611	info->GetComponent (getter_Copies (component));
612	printf (" component=%s\n", NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(component).get());
613	nsXPIDLString text;
614	info->GetText (getter_Copies (text));
615	printf (" text=%s\n", NS_ConvertUTF16toUTF8(text).get());
616	}
617	else
618	{
619	/* got basic error info */
620	printf ("Basic error info (nsIException):\n");
621	nsresult resultCode = NS_OK;
622	ex->GetResult (&resultCode);
623	printf (" resultCode=%08X\n", resultCode);
624	nsXPIDLCString message;
625	ex->GetMessage (getter_Copies (message));
626	printf (" message=%s\n", message.get());
627	}
628
629	/* reset the exception to NULL to indicate we've processed it */
630	em->SetCurrentException (NULL);
631
632	rc = NS_OK;
633	}
634	}
635	}
636	}

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source: vbox/trunk/src/VBox/Main/testcase/tstVBoxAPILinux.cpp@ 22277

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