1 | #!/usr/bin/env perl
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2 | # ***************************************************************************
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3 | # * _ _ ____ _
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4 | # * Project ___| | | | _ \| |
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5 | # * / __| | | | |_) | |
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6 | # * | (__| |_| | _ <| |___
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7 | # * \___|\___/|_| \_\_____|
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8 | # *
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9 | # * Copyright (C) 1998 - 2016, Daniel Stenberg, <[email protected]>, et al.
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10 | # *
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11 | # * This software is licensed as described in the file COPYING, which
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12 | # * you should have received as part of this distribution. The terms
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13 | # * are also available at https://curl.haxx.se/docs/copyright.html.
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14 | # *
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15 | # * You may opt to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute and/or sell
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16 | # * copies of the Software, and permit persons to whom the Software is
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17 | # * furnished to do so, under the terms of the COPYING file.
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18 | # *
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19 | # * This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
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20 | # * KIND, either express or implied.
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21 | # *
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22 | # ***************************************************************************
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23 | # This Perl script creates a fresh ca-bundle.crt file for use with libcurl.
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24 | # It downloads certdata.txt from Mozilla's source tree (see URL below),
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25 | # then parses certdata.txt and extracts CA Root Certificates into PEM format.
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26 | # These are then processed with the OpenSSL commandline tool to produce the
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27 | # final ca-bundle.crt file.
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28 | # The script is based on the parse-certs script written by Roland Krikava.
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29 | # This Perl script works on almost any platform since its only external
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30 | # dependency is the OpenSSL commandline tool for optional text listing.
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31 | # Hacked by Guenter Knauf.
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32 | #
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33 | use Encode;
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34 | use Getopt::Std;
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35 | use MIME::Base64;
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36 | use strict;
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37 | use warnings;
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38 | use vars qw($opt_b $opt_d $opt_f $opt_h $opt_i $opt_k $opt_l $opt_m $opt_n $opt_p $opt_q $opt_s $opt_t $opt_u $opt_v $opt_w);
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39 | use List::Util;
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40 | use Text::Wrap;
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41 | my $MOD_SHA = "Digest::SHA";
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42 | eval "require $MOD_SHA";
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43 | if ($@) {
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44 | $MOD_SHA = "Digest::SHA::PurePerl";
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45 | eval "require $MOD_SHA";
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46 | }
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47 | eval "require LWP::UserAgent";
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48 |
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49 | my %urls = (
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50 | 'nss' =>
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51 | 'https://hg.mozilla.org/projects/nss/raw-file/default/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt',
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52 | 'central' =>
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53 | 'https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/raw-file/default/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt',
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54 | 'beta' =>
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55 | 'https://hg.mozilla.org/releases/mozilla-beta/raw-file/default/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt',
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56 | 'release' =>
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57 | 'https://hg.mozilla.org/releases/mozilla-release/raw-file/default/security/nss/lib/ckfw/builtins/certdata.txt',
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58 | );
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59 |
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60 | $opt_d = 'release';
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61 |
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62 | # If the OpenSSL commandline is not in search path you can configure it here!
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63 | my $openssl = 'openssl';
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64 |
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65 | my $version = '1.27';
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66 |
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67 | $opt_w = 76; # default base64 encoded lines length
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68 |
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69 | # default cert types to include in the output (default is to include CAs which may issue SSL server certs)
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70 | my $default_mozilla_trust_purposes = "SERVER_AUTH";
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71 | my $default_mozilla_trust_levels = "TRUSTED_DELEGATOR";
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72 | $opt_p = $default_mozilla_trust_purposes . ":" . $default_mozilla_trust_levels;
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73 |
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74 | my @valid_mozilla_trust_purposes = (
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75 | "DIGITAL_SIGNATURE",
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76 | "NON_REPUDIATION",
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77 | "KEY_ENCIPHERMENT",
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78 | "DATA_ENCIPHERMENT",
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79 | "KEY_AGREEMENT",
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80 | "KEY_CERT_SIGN",
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81 | "CRL_SIGN",
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82 | "SERVER_AUTH",
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83 | "CLIENT_AUTH",
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84 | "CODE_SIGNING",
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85 | "EMAIL_PROTECTION",
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86 | "IPSEC_END_SYSTEM",
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87 | "IPSEC_TUNNEL",
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88 | "IPSEC_USER",
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89 | "TIME_STAMPING",
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90 | "STEP_UP_APPROVED"
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91 | );
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92 |
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93 | my @valid_mozilla_trust_levels = (
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94 | "TRUSTED_DELEGATOR", # CAs
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95 | "NOT_TRUSTED", # Don't trust these certs.
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96 | "MUST_VERIFY_TRUST", # This explicitly tells us that it ISN'T a CA but is otherwise ok. In other words, this should tell the app to ignore any other sources that claim this is a CA.
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97 | "TRUSTED" # This cert is trusted, but only for itself and not for delegates (i.e. it is not a CA).
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98 | );
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99 |
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100 | my $default_signature_algorithms = $opt_s = "MD5";
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101 |
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102 | my @valid_signature_algorithms = (
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103 | "MD5",
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104 | "SHA1",
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105 | "SHA256",
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106 | "SHA384",
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107 | "SHA512"
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108 | );
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109 |
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110 | $0 =~ s@.*(/|\\)@@;
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111 | $Getopt::Std::STANDARD_HELP_VERSION = 1;
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112 | getopts('bd:fhiklmnp:qs:tuvw:');
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113 |
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114 | if(!defined($opt_d)) {
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115 | # to make plain "-d" use not cause warnings, and actually still work
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116 | $opt_d = 'release';
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117 | }
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118 |
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119 | # Use predefined URL or else custom URL specified on command line.
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120 | my $url;
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121 | if(defined($urls{$opt_d})) {
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122 | $url = $urls{$opt_d};
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123 | if(!$opt_k && $url !~ /^https:\/\//i) {
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124 | die "The URL for '$opt_d' is not HTTPS. Use -k to override (insecure).\n";
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125 | }
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126 | }
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127 | else {
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128 | $url = $opt_d;
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129 | }
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130 |
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131 | my $curl = `curl -V`;
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132 |
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133 | if ($opt_i) {
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134 | print ("=" x 78 . "\n");
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135 | print "Script Version : $version\n";
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136 | print "Perl Version : $]\n";
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137 | print "Operating System Name : $^O\n";
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138 | print "Getopt::Std.pm Version : ${Getopt::Std::VERSION}\n";
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139 | print "Encode::Encoding.pm Version : ${Encode::Encoding::VERSION}\n";
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140 | print "MIME::Base64.pm Version : ${MIME::Base64::VERSION}\n";
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141 | print "LWP::UserAgent.pm Version : ${LWP::UserAgent::VERSION}\n" if($LWP::UserAgent::VERSION);
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142 | print "LWP.pm Version : ${LWP::VERSION}\n" if($LWP::VERSION);
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143 | print "Digest::SHA.pm Version : ${Digest::SHA::VERSION}\n" if ($Digest::SHA::VERSION);
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144 | print "Digest::SHA::PurePerl.pm Version : ${Digest::SHA::PurePerl::VERSION}\n" if ($Digest::SHA::PurePerl::VERSION);
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145 | print ("=" x 78 . "\n");
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146 | }
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147 |
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148 | sub warning_message() {
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149 | if ( $opt_d =~ m/^risk$/i ) { # Long Form Warning and Exit
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150 | print "Warning: Use of this script may pose some risk:\n";
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151 | print "\n";
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152 | print " 1) If you use HTTP URLs they are subject to a man in the middle attack\n";
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153 | print " 2) Default to 'release', but more recent updates may be found in other trees\n";
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154 | print " 3) certdata.txt file format may change, lag time to update this script\n";
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155 | print " 4) Generally unwise to blindly trust CAs without manual review & verification\n";
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156 | print " 5) Mozilla apps use additional security checks aren't represented in certdata\n";
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157 | print " 6) Use of this script will make a security engineer grind his teeth and\n";
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158 | print " swear at you. ;)\n";
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159 | exit;
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160 | } else { # Short Form Warning
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161 | print "Warning: Use of this script may pose some risk, -d risk for more details.\n";
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162 | }
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163 | }
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164 |
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165 | sub HELP_MESSAGE() {
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166 | print "Usage:\t${0} [-b] [-d<certdata>] [-f] [-i] [-k] [-l] [-n] [-p<purposes:levels>] [-q] [-s<algorithms>] [-t] [-u] [-v] [-w<l>] [<outputfile>]\n";
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167 | print "\t-b\tbackup an existing version of ca-bundle.crt\n";
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168 | print "\t-d\tspecify Mozilla tree to pull certdata.txt or custom URL\n";
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169 | print "\t\t Valid names are:\n";
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170 | print "\t\t ", join( ", ", map { ( $_ =~ m/$opt_d/ ) ? "$_ (default)" : "$_" } sort keys %urls ), "\n";
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171 | print "\t-f\tforce rebuild even if certdata.txt is current\n";
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172 | print "\t-i\tprint version info about used modules\n";
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173 | print "\t-k\tallow URLs other than HTTPS, enable HTTP fallback (insecure)\n";
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174 | print "\t-l\tprint license info about certdata.txt\n";
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175 | print "\t-m\tinclude meta data in output\n";
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176 | print "\t-n\tno download of certdata.txt (to use existing)\n";
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177 | print wrap("\t","\t\t", "-p\tlist of Mozilla trust purposes and levels for certificates to include in output. Takes the form of a comma separated list of purposes, a colon, and a comma separated list of levels. (default: $default_mozilla_trust_purposes:$default_mozilla_trust_levels)"), "\n";
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178 | print "\t\t Valid purposes are:\n";
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179 | print wrap("\t\t ","\t\t ", join( ", ", "ALL", @valid_mozilla_trust_purposes ) ), "\n";
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180 | print "\t\t Valid levels are:\n";
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181 | print wrap("\t\t ","\t\t ", join( ", ", "ALL", @valid_mozilla_trust_levels ) ), "\n";
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182 | print "\t-q\tbe really quiet (no progress output at all)\n";
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183 | print wrap("\t","\t\t", "-s\tcomma separated list of certificate signatures/hashes to output in plain text mode. (default: $default_signature_algorithms)\n");
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184 | print "\t\t Valid signature algorithms are:\n";
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185 | print wrap("\t\t ","\t\t ", join( ", ", "ALL", @valid_signature_algorithms ) ), "\n";
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186 | print "\t-t\tinclude plain text listing of certificates\n";
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187 | print "\t-u\tunlink (remove) certdata.txt after processing\n";
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188 | print "\t-v\tbe verbose and print out processed CAs\n";
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189 | print "\t-w <l>\twrap base64 output lines after <l> chars (default: ${opt_w})\n";
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190 | exit;
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191 | }
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192 |
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193 | sub VERSION_MESSAGE() {
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194 | print "${0} version ${version} running Perl ${]} on ${^O}\n";
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195 | }
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196 |
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197 | warning_message() unless ($opt_q || $url =~ m/^(ht|f)tps:/i );
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198 | HELP_MESSAGE() if ($opt_h);
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199 |
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200 | sub report($@) {
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201 | my $output = shift;
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202 |
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203 | print STDERR $output . "\n" unless $opt_q;
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204 | }
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205 |
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206 | sub is_in_list($@) {
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207 | my $target = shift;
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208 |
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209 | return defined(List::Util::first { $target eq $_ } @_);
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210 | }
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211 |
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212 | # Parses $param_string as a case insensitive comma separated list with optional whitespace
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213 | # validates that only allowed parameters are supplied
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214 | sub parse_csv_param($$@) {
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215 | my $description = shift;
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216 | my $param_string = shift;
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217 | my @valid_values = @_;
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218 |
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219 | my @values = map {
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220 | s/^\s+//; # strip leading spaces
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221 | s/\s+$//; # strip trailing spaces
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222 | uc $_ # return the modified string as upper case
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223 | } split( ',', $param_string );
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224 |
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225 | # Find all values which are not in the list of valid values or "ALL"
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226 | my @invalid = grep { !is_in_list($_,"ALL",@valid_values) } @values;
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227 |
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228 | if ( scalar(@invalid) > 0 ) {
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229 | # Tell the user which parameters were invalid and print the standard help message which will exit
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230 | print "Error: Invalid ", $description, scalar(@invalid) == 1 ? ": " : "s: ", join( ", ", map { "\"$_\"" } @invalid ), "\n";
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231 | HELP_MESSAGE();
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232 | }
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233 |
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234 | @values = @valid_values if ( is_in_list("ALL",@values) );
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235 |
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236 | return @values;
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237 | }
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238 |
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239 | sub sha256 {
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240 | my $result;
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241 | if ($Digest::SHA::VERSION || $Digest::SHA::PurePerl::VERSION) {
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242 | open(FILE, $_[0]) or die "Can't open '$_[0]': $!";
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243 | binmode(FILE);
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244 | $result = $MOD_SHA->new(256)->addfile(*FILE)->hexdigest;
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245 | close(FILE);
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246 | } else {
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247 | # Use OpenSSL command if Perl Digest::SHA modules not available
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248 | $result = `"$openssl" dgst -r -sha256 "$_[0]"`;
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249 | $result =~ s/^([0-9a-f]{64}) .+/$1/is;
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250 | }
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251 | return $result;
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252 | }
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253 |
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254 |
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255 | sub oldhash {
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256 | my $hash = "";
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257 | open(C, "<$_[0]") || return 0;
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258 | while(<C>) {
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259 | chomp;
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260 | if($_ =~ /^\#\# SHA256: (.*)/) {
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261 | $hash = $1;
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262 | last;
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263 | }
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264 | }
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265 | close(C);
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266 | return $hash;
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267 | }
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268 |
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269 | if ( $opt_p !~ m/:/ ) {
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270 | print "Error: Mozilla trust identifier list must include both purposes and levels\n";
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271 | HELP_MESSAGE();
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272 | }
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273 |
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274 | (my $included_mozilla_trust_purposes_string, my $included_mozilla_trust_levels_string) = split( ':', $opt_p );
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275 | my @included_mozilla_trust_purposes = parse_csv_param( "trust purpose", $included_mozilla_trust_purposes_string, @valid_mozilla_trust_purposes );
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276 | my @included_mozilla_trust_levels = parse_csv_param( "trust level", $included_mozilla_trust_levels_string, @valid_mozilla_trust_levels );
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277 |
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278 | my @included_signature_algorithms = parse_csv_param( "signature algorithm", $opt_s, @valid_signature_algorithms );
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279 |
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280 | sub should_output_cert(%) {
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281 | my %trust_purposes_by_level = @_;
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282 |
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283 | foreach my $level (@included_mozilla_trust_levels) {
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284 | # for each level we want to output, see if any of our desired purposes are included
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285 | return 1 if ( defined( List::Util::first { is_in_list( $_, @included_mozilla_trust_purposes ) } @{$trust_purposes_by_level{$level}} ) );
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286 | }
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287 |
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288 | return 0;
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289 | }
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290 |
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291 | my $crt = $ARGV[0] || 'ca-bundle.crt';
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292 | (my $txt = $url) =~ s@(.*/|\?.*)@@g;
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293 |
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294 | my $stdout = $crt eq '-';
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295 | my $resp;
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296 | my $fetched;
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297 |
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298 | my $oldhash = oldhash($crt);
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299 |
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300 | report "SHA256 of old file: $oldhash";
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301 |
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302 | if(!$opt_n) {
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303 | report "Downloading $txt ...";
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304 |
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305 | # If we have an HTTPS URL then use curl
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306 | if($url =~ /^https:\/\//i) {
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307 | if($curl) {
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308 | if($curl =~ /^Protocols:.* https( |$)/m) {
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309 | report "Get certdata with curl!";
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310 | my $proto = !$opt_k ? "--proto =https" : "";
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311 | my $quiet = $opt_q ? "-s" : "";
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312 | my @out = `curl -w %{response_code} $proto $quiet -o "$txt" "$url"`;
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313 | if(!$? && @out && $out[0] == 200) {
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314 | $fetched = 1;
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315 | report "Downloaded $txt";
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316 | }
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317 | else {
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318 | report "Failed downloading via HTTPS with curl";
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319 | if(-e $txt && !unlink($txt)) {
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320 | report "Failed to remove '$txt': $!";
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321 | }
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322 | }
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323 | }
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324 | else {
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325 | report "curl lacks https support";
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326 | }
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327 | }
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328 | else {
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329 | report "curl not found";
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330 | }
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331 | }
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332 |
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333 | # If nothing was fetched then use LWP
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334 | if(!$fetched) {
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335 | if($url =~ /^https:\/\//i) {
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336 | report "Falling back to HTTP";
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337 | $url =~ s/^https:\/\//http:\/\//i;
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338 | }
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339 | if(!$opt_k) {
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340 | report "URLs other than HTTPS are disabled by default, to enable use -k";
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341 | exit 1;
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342 | }
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343 | report "Get certdata with LWP!";
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344 | if(!defined(${LWP::UserAgent::VERSION})) {
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345 | report "LWP is not available (LWP::UserAgent not found)";
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346 | exit 1;
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347 | }
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348 | my $ua = new LWP::UserAgent(agent => "$0/$version");
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349 | $ua->env_proxy();
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350 | $resp = $ua->mirror($url, $txt);
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351 | if($resp && $resp->code eq '304') {
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352 | report "Not modified";
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353 | exit 0 if -e $crt && !$opt_f;
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354 | }
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355 | else {
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356 | $fetched = 1;
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357 | report "Downloaded $txt";
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358 | }
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359 | if(!$resp || $resp->code !~ /^(?:200|304)$/) {
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360 | report "Unable to download latest data: "
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361 | . ($resp? $resp->code . ' - ' . $resp->message : "LWP failed");
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362 | exit 1 if -e $crt || ! -r $txt;
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363 | }
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364 | }
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365 | }
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366 |
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367 | my $filedate = $resp ? $resp->last_modified : (stat($txt))[9];
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368 | my $datesrc = "as of";
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369 | if(!$filedate) {
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370 | # mxr.mozilla.org gave us a time, hg.mozilla.org does not!
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371 | $filedate = time();
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372 | $datesrc="downloaded on";
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373 | }
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374 |
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375 | # get the hash from the download file
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376 | my $newhash= sha256($txt);
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377 |
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378 | if(!$opt_f && $oldhash eq $newhash) {
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379 | report "Downloaded file identical to previous run\'s source file. Exiting";
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380 | if($opt_u && -e $txt && !unlink($txt)) {
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381 | report "Failed to remove $txt: $!\n";
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382 | }
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383 | exit;
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384 | }
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385 |
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386 | report "SHA256 of new file: $newhash";
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387 |
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388 | my $currentdate = scalar gmtime($filedate);
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389 |
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390 | my $format = $opt_t ? "plain text and " : "";
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391 | if( $stdout ) {
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392 | open(CRT, '> -') or die "Couldn't open STDOUT: $!\n";
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393 | } else {
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394 | open(CRT,">$crt.~") or die "Couldn't open $crt.~: $!\n";
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395 | }
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396 | print CRT <<EOT;
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397 | ##
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398 | ## Bundle of CA Root Certificates
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399 | ##
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400 | ## Certificate data from Mozilla ${datesrc}: ${currentdate} GMT
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401 | ##
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402 | ## This is a bundle of X.509 certificates of public Certificate Authorities
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403 | ## (CA). These were automatically extracted from Mozilla's root certificates
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404 | ## file (certdata.txt). This file can be found in the mozilla source tree:
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405 | ## ${url}
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406 | ##
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407 | ## It contains the certificates in ${format}PEM format and therefore
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408 | ## can be directly used with curl / libcurl / php_curl, or with
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409 | ## an Apache+mod_ssl webserver for SSL client authentication.
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410 | ## Just configure this file as the SSLCACertificateFile.
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411 | ##
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412 | ## Conversion done with mk-ca-bundle.pl version $version.
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413 | ## SHA256: $newhash
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414 | ##
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415 |
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416 | EOT
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417 |
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418 | report "Processing '$txt' ...";
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419 | my $caname;
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420 | my $certnum = 0;
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421 | my $skipnum = 0;
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422 | my $start_of_cert = 0;
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423 | my @precert;
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424 |
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425 | open(TXT,"$txt") or die "Couldn't open $txt: $!\n";
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426 | while (<TXT>) {
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427 | if (/\*\*\*\*\* BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK \*\*\*\*\*/) {
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428 | print CRT;
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429 | print if ($opt_l);
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430 | while (<TXT>) {
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431 | print CRT;
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432 | print if ($opt_l);
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433 | last if (/\*\*\*\*\* END LICENSE BLOCK \*\*\*\*\*/);
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434 | }
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435 | }
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436 | elsif(/^# (Issuer|Serial Number|Subject|Not Valid Before|Not Valid After |Fingerprint \(MD5\)|Fingerprint \(SHA1\)):/) {
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437 | push @precert, $_;
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438 | next;
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439 | }
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440 | elsif(/^#|^\s*$/) {
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441 | undef @precert;
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442 | next;
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443 | }
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444 | chomp;
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445 |
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446 | # this is a match for the start of a certificate
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447 | if (/^CKA_CLASS CK_OBJECT_CLASS CKO_CERTIFICATE/) {
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448 | $start_of_cert = 1
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449 | }
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450 | if ($start_of_cert && /^CKA_LABEL UTF8 \"(.*)\"/) {
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451 | $caname = $1;
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452 | }
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453 | my %trust_purposes_by_level;
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454 | if ($start_of_cert && /^CKA_VALUE MULTILINE_OCTAL/) {
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455 | my $data;
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456 | while (<TXT>) {
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457 | last if (/^END/);
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458 | chomp;
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459 | my @octets = split(/\\/);
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460 | shift @octets;
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461 | for (@octets) {
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462 | $data .= chr(oct);
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463 | }
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464 | }
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465 | # scan forwards until the trust part
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466 | while (<TXT>) {
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467 | last if (/^CKA_CLASS CK_OBJECT_CLASS CKO_NSS_TRUST/);
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468 | chomp;
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469 | }
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470 | # now scan the trust part to determine how we should trust this cert
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471 | while (<TXT>) {
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472 | last if (/^#/);
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473 | if (/^CKA_TRUST_([A-Z_]+)\s+CK_TRUST\s+CKT_NSS_([A-Z_]+)\s*$/) {
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474 | if ( !is_in_list($1,@valid_mozilla_trust_purposes) ) {
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475 | report "Warning: Unrecognized trust purpose for cert: $caname. Trust purpose: $1. Trust Level: $2";
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476 | } elsif ( !is_in_list($2,@valid_mozilla_trust_levels) ) {
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477 | report "Warning: Unrecognized trust level for cert: $caname. Trust purpose: $1. Trust Level: $2";
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478 | } else {
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479 | push @{$trust_purposes_by_level{$2}}, $1;
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480 | }
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481 | }
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482 | }
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483 |
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484 | if ( !should_output_cert(%trust_purposes_by_level) ) {
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485 | $skipnum ++;
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486 | report "Skipping: $caname" if ($opt_v);
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487 | } else {
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488 | my $encoded = MIME::Base64::encode_base64($data, '');
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489 | $encoded =~ s/(.{1,${opt_w}})/$1\n/g;
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490 | my $pem = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n"
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491 | . $encoded
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492 | . "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";
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493 | print CRT "\n$caname\n";
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494 | print CRT @precert if($opt_m);
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495 | my $maxStringLength = length(decode('UTF-8', $caname, Encode::FB_CROAK | Encode::LEAVE_SRC));
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496 | if ($opt_t) {
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497 | foreach my $key (keys %trust_purposes_by_level) {
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498 | my $string = $key . ": " . join(", ", @{$trust_purposes_by_level{$key}});
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499 | $maxStringLength = List::Util::max( length($string), $maxStringLength );
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500 | print CRT $string . "\n";
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501 | }
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502 | }
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503 | print CRT ("=" x $maxStringLength . "\n");
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504 | if (!$opt_t) {
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505 | print CRT $pem;
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506 | } else {
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507 | my $pipe = "";
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508 | foreach my $hash (@included_signature_algorithms) {
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509 | $pipe = "|$openssl x509 -" . $hash . " -fingerprint -noout -inform PEM";
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510 | if (!$stdout) {
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511 | $pipe .= " >> $crt.~";
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512 | close(CRT) or die "Couldn't close $crt.~: $!";
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513 | }
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514 | open(TMP, $pipe) or die "Couldn't open openssl pipe: $!";
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515 | print TMP $pem;
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516 | close(TMP) or die "Couldn't close openssl pipe: $!";
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517 | if (!$stdout) {
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518 | open(CRT, ">>$crt.~") or die "Couldn't open $crt.~: $!";
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519 | }
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520 | }
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521 | $pipe = "|$openssl x509 -text -inform PEM";
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522 | if (!$stdout) {
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523 | $pipe .= " >> $crt.~";
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524 | close(CRT) or die "Couldn't close $crt.~: $!";
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525 | }
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526 | open(TMP, $pipe) or die "Couldn't open openssl pipe: $!";
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527 | print TMP $pem;
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528 | close(TMP) or die "Couldn't close openssl pipe: $!";
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529 | if (!$stdout) {
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530 | open(CRT, ">>$crt.~") or die "Couldn't open $crt.~: $!";
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531 | }
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532 | }
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533 | report "Parsing: $caname" if ($opt_v);
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534 | $certnum ++;
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535 | $start_of_cert = 0;
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536 | }
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537 | undef @precert;
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538 | }
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539 |
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540 | }
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541 | close(TXT) or die "Couldn't close $txt: $!\n";
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542 | close(CRT) or die "Couldn't close $crt.~: $!\n";
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543 | unless( $stdout ) {
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544 | if ($opt_b && -e $crt) {
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545 | my $bk = 1;
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546 | while (-e "$crt.~${bk}~") {
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547 | $bk++;
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548 | }
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549 | rename $crt, "$crt.~${bk}~" or die "Failed to create backup $crt.~$bk}~: $!\n";
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550 | } elsif( -e $crt ) {
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551 | unlink( $crt ) or die "Failed to remove $crt: $!\n";
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552 | }
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553 | rename "$crt.~", $crt or die "Failed to rename $crt.~ to $crt: $!\n";
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554 | }
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555 | if($opt_u && -e $txt && !unlink($txt)) {
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556 | report "Failed to remove $txt: $!\n";
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557 | }
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558 | report "Done ($certnum CA certs processed, $skipnum skipped).";
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