source: vbox/trunk/src/libs/liblzma-5.8.1/common/stream_encoder_mt.c@ 108911

// SPDX-License-Identifier: 0BSD

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
/// \file       stream_encoder_mt.c
/// \brief      Multithreaded .xz Stream encoder
//
//  Author:     Lasse Collin
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#include "filter_encoder.h"
#include "easy_preset.h"
#include "block_encoder.h"
#include "block_buffer_encoder.h"
#include "index_encoder.h"
#include "outqueue.h"


/// Maximum supported block size. This makes it simpler to prevent integer
/// overflows if we are given unusually large block size.
#define BLOCK_SIZE_MAX (UINT64_MAX / LZMA_THREADS_MAX)


typedef enum {
        /// Waiting for work.
        THR_IDLE,

        /// Encoding is in progress.
        THR_RUN,

        /// Encoding is in progress but no more input data will
        /// be read.
        THR_FINISH,

        /// The main thread wants the thread to stop whatever it was doing
        /// but not exit.
        THR_STOP,

        /// The main thread wants the thread to exit. We could use
        /// cancellation but since there's stopped anyway, this is lazier.
        THR_EXIT,

} worker_state;

typedef struct lzma_stream_coder_s lzma_stream_coder;

typedef struct worker_thread_s worker_thread;
struct worker_thread_s {
        worker_state state;

        /// Input buffer of coder->block_size bytes. The main thread will
        /// put new input into this and update in_size accordingly. Once
        /// no more input is coming, state will be set to THR_FINISH.
        uint8_t *in;

        /// Amount of data available in the input buffer. This is modified
        /// only by the main thread.
        size_t in_size;

        /// Output buffer for this thread. This is set by the main
        /// thread every time a new Block is started with this thread
        /// structure.
        lzma_outbuf *outbuf;

        /// Pointer to the main structure is needed when putting this
        /// thread back to the stack of free threads.
        lzma_stream_coder *coder;

        /// The allocator is set by the main thread. Since a copy of the
        /// pointer is kept here, the application must not change the
        /// allocator before calling lzma_end().
        const lzma_allocator *allocator;

        /// Amount of uncompressed data that has already been compressed.
        uint64_t progress_in;

        /// Amount of compressed data that is ready.
        uint64_t progress_out;

        /// Block encoder
        lzma_next_coder block_encoder;

        /// Compression options for this Block
        lzma_block block_options;

        /// Filter chain for this thread. By copying the filters array
        /// to each thread it is possible to change the filter chain
        /// between Blocks using lzma_filters_update().
        lzma_filter filters[LZMA_FILTERS_MAX + 1];

        /// Next structure in the stack of free worker threads.
        worker_thread *next;

        mythread_mutex mutex;
        mythread_cond cond;

        /// The ID of this thread is used to join the thread
        /// when it's not needed anymore.
        mythread thread_id;
};


struct lzma_stream_coder_s {
        enum {
                SEQ_STREAM_HEADER,
                SEQ_BLOCK,
                SEQ_INDEX,
                SEQ_STREAM_FOOTER,
        } sequence;

        /// Start a new Block every block_size bytes of input unless
        /// LZMA_FULL_FLUSH or LZMA_FULL_BARRIER is used earlier.
        size_t block_size;

        /// The filter chain to use for the next Block.
        /// This can be updated using lzma_filters_update()
        /// after LZMA_FULL_BARRIER or LZMA_FULL_FLUSH.
        lzma_filter filters[LZMA_FILTERS_MAX + 1];

        /// A copy of filters[] will be put here when attempting to get
        /// a new worker thread. This will be copied to a worker thread
        /// when a thread becomes free and then this cache is marked as
        /// empty by setting [0].id = LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN. Without this cache
        /// the filter options from filters[] would get uselessly copied
        /// multiple times (allocated and freed) when waiting for a new free
        /// worker thread.
        ///
        /// This is freed if filters[] is updated via lzma_filters_update().
        lzma_filter filters_cache[LZMA_FILTERS_MAX + 1];


        /// Index to hold sizes of the Blocks
        lzma_index *index;

        /// Index encoder
        lzma_next_coder index_encoder;


        /// Stream Flags for encoding the Stream Header and Stream Footer.
        lzma_stream_flags stream_flags;

        /// Buffer to hold Stream Header and Stream Footer.
        uint8_t header[LZMA_STREAM_HEADER_SIZE];

        /// Read position in header[]
        size_t header_pos;


        /// Output buffer queue for compressed data
        lzma_outq outq;

        /// How much memory to allocate for each lzma_outbuf.buf
        size_t outbuf_alloc_size;


        /// Maximum wait time if cannot use all the input and cannot
        /// fill the output buffer. This is in milliseconds.
        uint32_t timeout;


        /// Error code from a worker thread
        lzma_ret thread_error;

        /// Array of allocated thread-specific structures
        worker_thread *threads;

        /// Number of structures in "threads" above. This is also the
        /// number of threads that will be created at maximum.
        uint32_t threads_max;

        /// Number of thread structures that have been initialized, and
        /// thus the number of worker threads actually created so far.
        uint32_t threads_initialized;

        /// Stack of free threads. When a thread finishes, it puts itself
        /// back into this stack. This starts as empty because threads
        /// are created only when actually needed.
        worker_thread *threads_free;

        /// The most recent worker thread to which the main thread writes
        /// the new input from the application.
        worker_thread *thr;


        /// Amount of uncompressed data in Blocks that have already
        /// been finished.
        uint64_t progress_in;

        /// Amount of compressed data in Stream Header + Blocks that
        /// have already been finished.
        uint64_t progress_out;


        mythread_mutex mutex;
        mythread_cond cond;
};


/// Tell the main thread that something has gone wrong.
static void
worker_error(worker_thread *thr, lzma_ret ret)
{
        assert(ret != LZMA_OK);
        assert(ret != LZMA_STREAM_END);

        mythread_sync(thr->coder->mutex) {
                if (thr->coder->thread_error == LZMA_OK)
                        thr->coder->thread_error = ret;

                mythread_cond_signal(&thr->coder->cond);
        }

        return;
}


static worker_state
worker_encode(worker_thread *thr, size_t *out_pos, worker_state state)
{
        assert(thr->progress_in == 0);
        assert(thr->progress_out == 0);

        // Set the Block options.
        thr->block_options = (lzma_block){
                .version = 0,
                .check = thr->coder->stream_flags.check,
                .compressed_size = thr->outbuf->allocated,
                .uncompressed_size = thr->coder->block_size,
                .filters = thr->filters,
        };

        // Calculate maximum size of the Block Header. This amount is
        // reserved in the beginning of the buffer so that Block Header
        // along with Compressed Size and Uncompressed Size can be
        // written there.
        lzma_ret ret = lzma_block_header_size(&thr->block_options);
        if (ret != LZMA_OK) {
                worker_error(thr, ret);
                return THR_STOP;
        }

        // Initialize the Block encoder.
        ret = lzma_block_encoder_init(&thr->block_encoder,
                        thr->allocator, &thr->block_options);
        if (ret != LZMA_OK) {
                worker_error(thr, ret);
                return THR_STOP;
        }

        size_t in_pos = 0;
        size_t in_size = 0;

        *out_pos = thr->block_options.header_size;
        const size_t out_size = thr->outbuf->allocated;

        do {
                mythread_sync(thr->mutex) {
                        // Store in_pos and *out_pos into *thr so that
                        // an application may read them via
                        // lzma_get_progress() to get progress information.
                        //
                        // NOTE: These aren't updated when the encoding
                        // finishes. Instead, the final values are taken
                        // later from thr->outbuf.
                        thr->progress_in = in_pos;
                        thr->progress_out = *out_pos;

                        while (in_size == thr->in_size
                                        && thr->state == THR_RUN)
                                mythread_cond_wait(&thr->cond, &thr->mutex);

                        state = thr->state;
                        in_size = thr->in_size;
                }

                // Return if we were asked to stop or exit.
                if (state >= THR_STOP)
                        return state;

                lzma_action action = state == THR_FINISH
                                ? LZMA_FINISH : LZMA_RUN;

                // Limit the amount of input given to the Block encoder
                // at once. This way this thread can react fairly quickly
                // if the main thread wants us to stop or exit.
                static const size_t in_chunk_max = 16384;
                size_t in_limit = in_size;
                if (in_size - in_pos > in_chunk_max) {
                        in_limit = in_pos + in_chunk_max;
                        action = LZMA_RUN;
                }

                ret = thr->block_encoder.code(
                                thr->block_encoder.coder, thr->allocator,
                                thr->in, &in_pos, in_limit, thr->outbuf->buf,
                                out_pos, out_size, action);
        } while (ret == LZMA_OK && *out_pos < out_size);

        switch (ret) {
        case LZMA_STREAM_END:
                assert(state == THR_FINISH);

                // Encode the Block Header. By doing it after
                // the compression, we can store the Compressed Size
                // and Uncompressed Size fields.
                ret = lzma_block_header_encode(&thr->block_options,
                                thr->outbuf->buf);
                if (ret != LZMA_OK) {
                        worker_error(thr, ret);
                        return THR_STOP;
                }

                break;

        case LZMA_OK:
                // The data was incompressible. Encode it using uncompressed
                // LZMA2 chunks.
                //
                // First wait that we have gotten all the input.
                mythread_sync(thr->mutex) {
                        while (thr->state == THR_RUN)
                                mythread_cond_wait(&thr->cond, &thr->mutex);

                        state = thr->state;
                        in_size = thr->in_size;
                }

                if (state >= THR_STOP)
                        return state;

                // Do the encoding. This takes care of the Block Header too.
                *out_pos = 0;
                ret = lzma_block_uncomp_encode(&thr->block_options,
                                thr->in, in_size, thr->outbuf->buf,
                                out_pos, out_size);

                // It shouldn't fail.
                if (ret != LZMA_OK) {
                        worker_error(thr, LZMA_PROG_ERROR);
                        return THR_STOP;
                }

                break;

        default:
                worker_error(thr, ret);
                return THR_STOP;
        }

        // Set the size information that will be read by the main thread
        // to write the Index field.
        thr->outbuf->unpadded_size
                        = lzma_block_unpadded_size(&thr->block_options);
        assert(thr->outbuf->unpadded_size != 0);
        thr->outbuf->uncompressed_size = thr->block_options.uncompressed_size;

        return THR_FINISH;
}


static MYTHREAD_RET_TYPE
#ifndef VBOX
worker_start(void *thr_ptr)
#else
worker_start(RTTHREAD hThread, void *thr_ptr)
#endif
{
        worker_thread *thr = thr_ptr;
        worker_state state = THR_IDLE; // Init to silence a warning

        while (true) {
                // Wait for work.
                mythread_sync(thr->mutex) {
                        while (true) {
                                // The thread is already idle so if we are
                                // requested to stop, just set the state.
                                if (thr->state == THR_STOP) {
                                        thr->state = THR_IDLE;
                                        mythread_cond_signal(&thr->cond);
                                }

                                state = thr->state;
                                if (state != THR_IDLE)
                                        break;

                                mythread_cond_wait(&thr->cond, &thr->mutex);
                        }
                }

                size_t out_pos = 0;

                assert(state != THR_IDLE);
                assert(state != THR_STOP);

                if (state <= THR_FINISH)
                        state = worker_encode(thr, &out_pos, state);

                if (state == THR_EXIT)
                        break;

                // Mark the thread as idle unless the main thread has
                // told us to exit. Signal is needed for the case
                // where the main thread is waiting for the threads to stop.
                mythread_sync(thr->mutex) {
                        if (thr->state != THR_EXIT) {
                                thr->state = THR_IDLE;
                                mythread_cond_signal(&thr->cond);
                        }
                }

                mythread_sync(thr->coder->mutex) {
                        // If no errors occurred, make the encoded data
                        // available to be copied out.
                        if (state == THR_FINISH) {
                                thr->outbuf->pos = out_pos;
                                thr->outbuf->finished = true;
                        }

                        // Update the main progress info.
                        thr->coder->progress_in
                                        += thr->outbuf->uncompressed_size;
                        thr->coder->progress_out += out_pos;
                        thr->progress_in = 0;
                        thr->progress_out = 0;

                        // Return this thread to the stack of free threads.
                        thr->next = thr->coder->threads_free;
                        thr->coder->threads_free = thr;

                        mythread_cond_signal(&thr->coder->cond);
                }
        }

        // Exiting, free the resources.
        lzma_filters_free(thr->filters, thr->allocator);

        mythread_mutex_destroy(&thr->mutex);
        mythread_cond_destroy(&thr->cond);

        lzma_next_end(&thr->block_encoder, thr->allocator);
        lzma_free(thr->in, thr->allocator);
        return MYTHREAD_RET_VALUE;
}


/// Make the threads stop but not exit. Optionally wait for them to stop.
static void
threads_stop(lzma_stream_coder *coder, bool wait_for_threads)
{
        // Tell the threads to stop.
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < coder->threads_initialized; ++i) {
                mythread_sync(coder->threads[i].mutex) {
                        coder->threads[i].state = THR_STOP;
                        mythread_cond_signal(&coder->threads[i].cond);
                }
        }

        if (!wait_for_threads)
                return;

        // Wait for the threads to settle in the idle state.
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < coder->threads_initialized; ++i) {
                mythread_sync(coder->threads[i].mutex) {
                        while (coder->threads[i].state != THR_IDLE)
                                mythread_cond_wait(&coder->threads[i].cond,
                                                &coder->threads[i].mutex);
                }
        }

        return;
}


/// Stop the threads and free the resources associated with them.
/// Wait until the threads have exited.
static void
threads_end(lzma_stream_coder *coder, const lzma_allocator *allocator)
{
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < coder->threads_initialized; ++i) {
                mythread_sync(coder->threads[i].mutex) {
                        coder->threads[i].state = THR_EXIT;
                        mythread_cond_signal(&coder->threads[i].cond);
                }
        }

        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < coder->threads_initialized; ++i) {
                int ret = mythread_join(coder->threads[i].thread_id);
                assert(ret == 0);
                (void)ret;
        }

        lzma_free(coder->threads, allocator);
        return;
}


/// Initialize a new worker_thread structure and create a new thread.
static lzma_ret
initialize_new_thread(lzma_stream_coder *coder,
                const lzma_allocator *allocator)
{
        worker_thread *thr = &coder->threads[coder->threads_initialized];

        thr->in = lzma_alloc(coder->block_size, allocator);
        if (thr->in == NULL)
                return LZMA_MEM_ERROR;

        if (mythread_mutex_init(&thr->mutex))
                goto error_mutex;

        if (mythread_cond_init(&thr->cond))
                goto error_cond;

        thr->state = THR_IDLE;
        thr->allocator = allocator;
        thr->coder = coder;
        thr->progress_in = 0;
        thr->progress_out = 0;
        thr->block_encoder = LZMA_NEXT_CODER_INIT;
        thr->filters[0].id = LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN;

        if (mythread_create(&thr->thread_id, &worker_start, thr))
                goto error_thread;

        ++coder->threads_initialized;
        coder->thr = thr;

        return LZMA_OK;

error_thread:
        mythread_cond_destroy(&thr->cond);

error_cond:
        mythread_mutex_destroy(&thr->mutex);

error_mutex:
        lzma_free(thr->in, allocator);
        return LZMA_MEM_ERROR;
}


static lzma_ret
get_thread(lzma_stream_coder *coder, const lzma_allocator *allocator)
{
        // If there are no free output subqueues, there is no
        // point to try getting a thread.
        if (!lzma_outq_has_buf(&coder->outq))
                return LZMA_OK;

        // That's also true if we cannot allocate memory for the output
        // buffer in the output queue.
        return_if_error(lzma_outq_prealloc_buf(&coder->outq, allocator,
                        coder->outbuf_alloc_size));

        // Make a thread-specific copy of the filter chain. Put it in
        // the cache array first so that if we cannot get a new thread yet,
        // the allocation is ready when we try again.
        if (coder->filters_cache[0].id == LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN)
                return_if_error(lzma_filters_copy(
                        coder->filters, coder->filters_cache, allocator));

        // If there is a free structure on the stack, use it.
        mythread_sync(coder->mutex) {
                if (coder->threads_free != NULL) {
                        coder->thr = coder->threads_free;
                        coder->threads_free = coder->threads_free->next;
                }
        }

        if (coder->thr == NULL) {
                // If there are no uninitialized structures left, return.
                if (coder->threads_initialized == coder->threads_max)
                        return LZMA_OK;

                // Initialize a new thread.
                return_if_error(initialize_new_thread(coder, allocator));
        }

        // Reset the parts of the thread state that have to be done
        // in the main thread.
        mythread_sync(coder->thr->mutex) {
                coder->thr->state = THR_RUN;
                coder->thr->in_size = 0;
                coder->thr->outbuf = lzma_outq_get_buf(&coder->outq, NULL);

                // Free the old thread-specific filter options and replace
                // them with the already-allocated new options from
                // coder->filters_cache[]. Then mark the cache as empty.
                lzma_filters_free(coder->thr->filters, allocator);
                memcpy(coder->thr->filters, coder->filters_cache,
                                sizeof(coder->filters_cache));
                coder->filters_cache[0].id = LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN;

                mythread_cond_signal(&coder->thr->cond);
        }

        return LZMA_OK;
}


static lzma_ret
stream_encode_in(lzma_stream_coder *coder, const lzma_allocator *allocator,
                const uint8_t *restrict in, size_t *restrict in_pos,
                size_t in_size, lzma_action action)
{
        while (*in_pos < in_size
                        || (coder->thr != NULL && action != LZMA_RUN)) {
                if (coder->thr == NULL) {
                        // Get a new thread.
                        const lzma_ret ret = get_thread(coder, allocator);
                        if (coder->thr == NULL)
                                return ret;
                }

                // Copy the input data to thread's buffer.
                size_t thr_in_size = coder->thr->in_size;
                lzma_bufcpy(in, in_pos, in_size, coder->thr->in,
                                &thr_in_size, coder->block_size);

                // Tell the Block encoder to finish if
                //  - it has got block_size bytes of input; or
                //  - all input was used and LZMA_FINISH, LZMA_FULL_FLUSH,
                //    or LZMA_FULL_BARRIER was used.
                //
                // TODO: LZMA_SYNC_FLUSH and LZMA_SYNC_BARRIER.
                const bool finish = thr_in_size == coder->block_size
                                || (*in_pos == in_size && action != LZMA_RUN);

                bool block_error = false;

                mythread_sync(coder->thr->mutex) {
                        if (coder->thr->state == THR_IDLE) {
                                // Something has gone wrong with the Block
                                // encoder. It has set coder->thread_error
                                // which we will read a few lines later.
                                block_error = true;
                        } else {
                                // Tell the Block encoder its new amount
                                // of input and update the state if needed.
                                coder->thr->in_size = thr_in_size;

                                if (finish)
                                        coder->thr->state = THR_FINISH;

                                mythread_cond_signal(&coder->thr->cond);
                        }
                }

                if (block_error) {
#ifndef VBOX
                        lzma_ret ret;
#else
                        lzma_ret ret = LZMA_OK; // Init to silence a warning.
#endif

                        mythread_sync(coder->mutex) {
                                ret = coder->thread_error;
                        }

                        return ret;
                }

                if (finish)
                        coder->thr = NULL;
        }

        return LZMA_OK;
}


/// Wait until more input can be consumed, more output can be read, or
/// an optional timeout is reached.
static bool
wait_for_work(lzma_stream_coder *coder, mythread_condtime *wait_abs,
                bool *has_blocked, bool has_input)
{
        if (coder->timeout != 0 && !*has_blocked) {
                // Every time when stream_encode_mt() is called via
                // lzma_code(), *has_blocked starts as false. We set it
                // to true here and calculate the absolute time when
                // we must return if there's nothing to do.
                //
                // This way if we block multiple times for short moments
                // less than "timeout" milliseconds, we will return once
                // "timeout" amount of time has passed since the *first*
                // blocking occurred. If the absolute time was calculated
                // again every time we block, "timeout" would effectively
                // be meaningless if we never consecutively block longer
                // than "timeout" ms.
                *has_blocked = true;
                mythread_condtime_set(wait_abs, &coder->cond, coder->timeout);
        }

        bool timed_out = false;

        mythread_sync(coder->mutex) {
                // There are four things that we wait. If one of them
                // becomes possible, we return.
                //  - If there is input left, we need to get a free
                //    worker thread and an output buffer for it.
                //  - Data ready to be read from the output queue.
                //  - A worker thread indicates an error.
                //  - Time out occurs.
                while ((!has_input || coder->threads_free == NULL
                                        || !lzma_outq_has_buf(&coder->outq))
                                && !lzma_outq_is_readable(&coder->outq)
                                && coder->thread_error == LZMA_OK
                                && !timed_out) {
                        if (coder->timeout != 0)
                                timed_out = mythread_cond_timedwait(
                                                &coder->cond, &coder->mutex,
                                                wait_abs) != 0;
                        else
                                mythread_cond_wait(&coder->cond,
                                                &coder->mutex);
                }
        }

        return timed_out;
}


static lzma_ret
stream_encode_mt(void *coder_ptr, const lzma_allocator *allocator,
                const uint8_t *restrict in, size_t *restrict in_pos,
                size_t in_size, uint8_t *restrict out,
                size_t *restrict out_pos, size_t out_size, lzma_action action)
{
        lzma_stream_coder *coder = coder_ptr;

        switch (coder->sequence) {
        case SEQ_STREAM_HEADER:
                lzma_bufcpy(coder->header, &coder->header_pos,
                                sizeof(coder->header),
                                out, out_pos, out_size);
                if (coder->header_pos < sizeof(coder->header))
                        return LZMA_OK;

                coder->header_pos = 0;
                coder->sequence = SEQ_BLOCK;
                FALLTHROUGH;

        case SEQ_BLOCK: {
                // Initialized to silence warnings.
                lzma_vli unpadded_size = 0;
                lzma_vli uncompressed_size = 0;
                lzma_ret ret = LZMA_OK;

                // These are for wait_for_work().
                bool has_blocked = false;
                mythread_condtime wait_abs = { 0 };

                while (true) {
                        mythread_sync(coder->mutex) {
                                // Check for Block encoder errors.
                                ret = coder->thread_error;
                                if (ret != LZMA_OK) {
                                        assert(ret != LZMA_STREAM_END);
                                        break; // Break out of mythread_sync.
                                }

                                // Try to read compressed data to out[].
                                ret = lzma_outq_read(&coder->outq, allocator,
                                                out, out_pos, out_size,
                                                &unpadded_size,
                                                &uncompressed_size);
                        }

                        if (ret == LZMA_STREAM_END) {
                                // End of Block. Add it to the Index.
                                ret = lzma_index_append(coder->index,
                                                allocator, unpadded_size,
                                                uncompressed_size);
                                if (ret != LZMA_OK) {
                                        threads_stop(coder, false);
                                        return ret;
                                }

                                // If we didn't fill the output buffer yet,
                                // try to read more data. Maybe the next
                                // outbuf has been finished already too.
                                if (*out_pos < out_size)
                                        continue;
                        }

                        if (ret != LZMA_OK) {
                                // coder->thread_error was set.
                                threads_stop(coder, false);
                                return ret;
                        }

                        // Try to give uncompressed data to a worker thread.
                        ret = stream_encode_in(coder, allocator,
                                        in, in_pos, in_size, action);
                        if (ret != LZMA_OK) {
                                threads_stop(coder, false);
                                return ret;
                        }

                        // See if we should wait or return.
                        //
                        // TODO: LZMA_SYNC_FLUSH and LZMA_SYNC_BARRIER.
                        if (*in_pos == in_size) {
                                // LZMA_RUN: More data is probably coming
                                // so return to let the caller fill the
                                // input buffer.
                                if (action == LZMA_RUN)
                                        return LZMA_OK;

                                // LZMA_FULL_BARRIER: The same as with
                                // LZMA_RUN but tell the caller that the
                                // barrier was completed.
                                if (action == LZMA_FULL_BARRIER)
                                        return LZMA_STREAM_END;

                                // Finishing or flushing isn't completed until
                                // all input data has been encoded and copied
                                // to the output buffer.
                                if (lzma_outq_is_empty(&coder->outq)) {
                                        // LZMA_FINISH: Continue to encode
                                        // the Index field.
                                        if (action == LZMA_FINISH)
                                                break;

                                        // LZMA_FULL_FLUSH: Return to tell
                                        // the caller that flushing was
                                        // completed.
                                        if (action == LZMA_FULL_FLUSH)
                                                return LZMA_STREAM_END;
                                }
                        }

                        // Return if there is no output space left.
                        // This check must be done after testing the input
                        // buffer, because we might want to use a different
                        // return code.
                        if (*out_pos == out_size)
                                return LZMA_OK;

                        // Neither in nor out has been used completely.
                        // Wait until there's something we can do.
                        if (wait_for_work(coder, &wait_abs, &has_blocked,
                                        *in_pos < in_size))
                                return LZMA_TIMED_OUT;
                }

                // All Blocks have been encoded and the threads have stopped.
                // Prepare to encode the Index field.
                return_if_error(lzma_index_encoder_init(
                                &coder->index_encoder, allocator,
                                coder->index));
                coder->sequence = SEQ_INDEX;

                // Update the progress info to take the Index and
                // Stream Footer into account. Those are very fast to encode
                // so in terms of progress information they can be thought
                // to be ready to be copied out.
                coder->progress_out += lzma_index_size(coder->index)
                                + LZMA_STREAM_HEADER_SIZE;

                FALLTHROUGH;
        }

        case SEQ_INDEX: {
                // Call the Index encoder. It doesn't take any input, so
                // those pointers can be NULL.
                const lzma_ret ret = coder->index_encoder.code(
                                coder->index_encoder.coder, allocator,
                                NULL, NULL, 0,
                                out, out_pos, out_size, LZMA_RUN);
                if (ret != LZMA_STREAM_END)
                        return ret;

                // Encode the Stream Footer into coder->buffer.
                coder->stream_flags.backward_size
                                = lzma_index_size(coder->index);
                if (lzma_stream_footer_encode(&coder->stream_flags,
                                coder->header) != LZMA_OK)
                        return LZMA_PROG_ERROR;

                coder->sequence = SEQ_STREAM_FOOTER;
                FALLTHROUGH;
        }

        case SEQ_STREAM_FOOTER:
                lzma_bufcpy(coder->header, &coder->header_pos,
                                sizeof(coder->header),
                                out, out_pos, out_size);
                return coder->header_pos < sizeof(coder->header)
                                ? LZMA_OK : LZMA_STREAM_END;
        }

        assert(0);
        return LZMA_PROG_ERROR;
}


static void
stream_encoder_mt_end(void *coder_ptr, const lzma_allocator *allocator)
{
        lzma_stream_coder *coder = coder_ptr;

        // Threads must be killed before the output queue can be freed.
        threads_end(coder, allocator);
        lzma_outq_end(&coder->outq, allocator);

        lzma_filters_free(coder->filters, allocator);
        lzma_filters_free(coder->filters_cache, allocator);

        lzma_next_end(&coder->index_encoder, allocator);
        lzma_index_end(coder->index, allocator);

        mythread_cond_destroy(&coder->cond);
        mythread_mutex_destroy(&coder->mutex);

        lzma_free(coder, allocator);
        return;
}


static lzma_ret
stream_encoder_mt_update(void *coder_ptr, const lzma_allocator *allocator,
                const lzma_filter *filters,
                const lzma_filter *reversed_filters
                        lzma_attribute((__unused__)))
{
        lzma_stream_coder *coder = coder_ptr;

        // Applications shouldn't attempt to change the options when
        // we are already encoding the Index or Stream Footer.
        if (coder->sequence > SEQ_BLOCK)
                return LZMA_PROG_ERROR;

        // For now the threaded encoder doesn't support changing
        // the options in the middle of a Block.
        if (coder->thr != NULL)
                return LZMA_PROG_ERROR;

        // Check if the filter chain seems mostly valid. See the comment
        // in stream_encoder_mt_init().
        if (lzma_raw_encoder_memusage(filters) == UINT64_MAX)
                return LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR;

        // Make a copy to a temporary buffer first. This way the encoder
        // state stays unchanged if an error occurs in lzma_filters_copy().
        lzma_filter temp[LZMA_FILTERS_MAX + 1];
        return_if_error(lzma_filters_copy(filters, temp, allocator));

        // Free the options of the old chain as well as the cache.
        lzma_filters_free(coder->filters, allocator);
        lzma_filters_free(coder->filters_cache, allocator);

        // Copy the new filter chain in place.
        memcpy(coder->filters, temp, sizeof(temp));

        return LZMA_OK;
}


/// Options handling for lzma_stream_encoder_mt_init() and
/// lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage()
static lzma_ret
get_options(const lzma_mt *options, lzma_options_easy *opt_easy,
                const lzma_filter **filters, uint64_t *block_size,
                uint64_t *outbuf_size_max)
{
        // Validate some of the options.
        if (options == NULL)
                return LZMA_PROG_ERROR;

        if (options->flags != 0 || options->threads == 0
                        || options->threads > LZMA_THREADS_MAX)
                return LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR;

        if (options->filters != NULL) {
                // Filter chain was given, use it as is.
                *filters = options->filters;
        } else {
                // Use a preset.
                if (lzma_easy_preset(opt_easy, options->preset))
                        return LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR;

                *filters = opt_easy->filters;
        }

        // If the Block size is not set, determine it from the filter chain.
        if (options->block_size > 0)
                *block_size = options->block_size;
        else
                *block_size = lzma_mt_block_size(*filters);

        // UINT64_MAX > BLOCK_SIZE_MAX, so the second condition
        // should be optimized out by any reasonable compiler.
        // The second condition should be there in the unlikely event that
        // the macros change and UINT64_MAX < BLOCK_SIZE_MAX.
        if (*block_size > BLOCK_SIZE_MAX || *block_size == UINT64_MAX)
                return LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR;

        // Calculate the maximum amount output that a single output buffer
        // may need to hold. This is the same as the maximum total size of
        // a Block.
        *outbuf_size_max = lzma_block_buffer_bound64(*block_size);
        if (*outbuf_size_max == 0)
                return LZMA_MEM_ERROR;

        return LZMA_OK;
}


static void
get_progress(void *coder_ptr, uint64_t *progress_in, uint64_t *progress_out)
{
        lzma_stream_coder *coder = coder_ptr;

        // Lock coder->mutex to prevent finishing threads from moving their
        // progress info from the worker_thread structure to lzma_stream_coder.
        mythread_sync(coder->mutex) {
                *progress_in = coder->progress_in;
                *progress_out = coder->progress_out;

                for (size_t i = 0; i < coder->threads_initialized; ++i) {
                        mythread_sync(coder->threads[i].mutex) {
                                *progress_in += coder->threads[i].progress_in;
                                *progress_out += coder->threads[i]
                                                .progress_out;
                        }
                }
        }

        return;
}


static lzma_ret
stream_encoder_mt_init(lzma_next_coder *next, const lzma_allocator *allocator,
                const lzma_mt *options)
{
        lzma_next_coder_init(&stream_encoder_mt_init, next, allocator);

        // Get the filter chain.
        lzma_options_easy easy;
        const lzma_filter *filters;
        uint64_t block_size;
        uint64_t outbuf_size_max;
        return_if_error(get_options(options, &easy, &filters,
                        &block_size, &outbuf_size_max));

#if SIZE_MAX < UINT64_MAX
        if (block_size > SIZE_MAX || outbuf_size_max > SIZE_MAX)
                return LZMA_MEM_ERROR;
#endif

        // Validate the filter chain so that we can give an error in this
        // function instead of delaying it to the first call to lzma_code().
        // The memory usage calculation verifies the filter chain as
        // a side effect so we take advantage of that. It's not a perfect
        // check though as raw encoder allows LZMA1 too but such problems
        // will be caught eventually with Block Header encoder.
        if (lzma_raw_encoder_memusage(filters) == UINT64_MAX)
                return LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR;

        // Validate the Check ID.
        if ((unsigned int)(options->check) > LZMA_CHECK_ID_MAX)
                return LZMA_PROG_ERROR;

        if (!lzma_check_is_supported(options->check))
                return LZMA_UNSUPPORTED_CHECK;

        // Allocate and initialize the base structure if needed.
        lzma_stream_coder *coder = next->coder;
        if (coder == NULL) {
                coder = lzma_alloc(sizeof(lzma_stream_coder), allocator);
                if (coder == NULL)
                        return LZMA_MEM_ERROR;

                next->coder = coder;

                // For the mutex and condition variable initializations
                // the error handling has to be done here because
                // stream_encoder_mt_end() doesn't know if they have
                // already been initialized or not.
                if (mythread_mutex_init(&coder->mutex)) {
                        lzma_free(coder, allocator);
                        next->coder = NULL;
                        return LZMA_MEM_ERROR;
                }

                if (mythread_cond_init(&coder->cond)) {
                        mythread_mutex_destroy(&coder->mutex);
                        lzma_free(coder, allocator);
                        next->coder = NULL;
                        return LZMA_MEM_ERROR;
                }

                next->code = &stream_encode_mt;
                next->end = &stream_encoder_mt_end;
                next->get_progress = &get_progress;
                next->update = &stream_encoder_mt_update;

                coder->filters[0].id = LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN;
                coder->filters_cache[0].id = LZMA_VLI_UNKNOWN;
                coder->index_encoder = LZMA_NEXT_CODER_INIT;
                coder->index = NULL;
                memzero(&coder->outq, sizeof(coder->outq));
                coder->threads = NULL;
                coder->threads_max = 0;
                coder->threads_initialized = 0;
        }

        // Basic initializations
        coder->sequence = SEQ_STREAM_HEADER;
        coder->block_size = (size_t)(block_size);
        coder->outbuf_alloc_size = (size_t)(outbuf_size_max);
        coder->thread_error = LZMA_OK;
        coder->thr = NULL;

        // Allocate the thread-specific base structures.
        assert(options->threads > 0);
        if (coder->threads_max != options->threads) {
                threads_end(coder, allocator);

                coder->threads = NULL;
                coder->threads_max = 0;

                coder->threads_initialized = 0;
                coder->threads_free = NULL;

                coder->threads = lzma_alloc(
                                options->threads * sizeof(worker_thread),
                                allocator);
                if (coder->threads == NULL)
                        return LZMA_MEM_ERROR;

                coder->threads_max = options->threads;
        } else {
                // Reuse the old structures and threads. Tell the running
                // threads to stop and wait until they have stopped.
                threads_stop(coder, true);
        }

        // Output queue
        return_if_error(lzma_outq_init(&coder->outq, allocator,
                        options->threads));

        // Timeout
        coder->timeout = options->timeout;

        // Free the old filter chain and the cache.
        lzma_filters_free(coder->filters, allocator);
        lzma_filters_free(coder->filters_cache, allocator);

        // Copy the new filter chain.
        return_if_error(lzma_filters_copy(
                        filters, coder->filters, allocator));

        // Index
        lzma_index_end(coder->index, allocator);
        coder->index = lzma_index_init(allocator);
        if (coder->index == NULL)
                return LZMA_MEM_ERROR;

        // Stream Header
        coder->stream_flags.version = 0;
        coder->stream_flags.check = options->check;
        return_if_error(lzma_stream_header_encode(
                        &coder->stream_flags, coder->header));

        coder->header_pos = 0;

        // Progress info
        coder->progress_in = 0;
        coder->progress_out = LZMA_STREAM_HEADER_SIZE;

        return LZMA_OK;
}


#ifdef HAVE_SYMBOL_VERSIONS_LINUX
// These are for compatibility with binaries linked against liblzma that
// has been patched with xz-5.2.2-compat-libs.patch from RHEL/CentOS 7.
// Actually that patch didn't create lzma_stream_encoder_mt@XZ_5.2.2
// but it has been added here anyway since someone might misread the
// RHEL patch and think both @XZ_5.1.2alpha and @XZ_5.2.2 exist.
LZMA_SYMVER_API("lzma_stream_encoder_mt@XZ_5.1.2alpha",
        lzma_ret, lzma_stream_encoder_mt_512a)(
                lzma_stream *strm, const lzma_mt *options)
                lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result
                __attribute__((__alias__("lzma_stream_encoder_mt_52")));

LZMA_SYMVER_API("lzma_stream_encoder_mt@XZ_5.2.2",
        lzma_ret, lzma_stream_encoder_mt_522)(
                lzma_stream *strm, const lzma_mt *options)
                lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result
                __attribute__((__alias__("lzma_stream_encoder_mt_52")));

LZMA_SYMVER_API("lzma_stream_encoder_mt@@XZ_5.2",
        lzma_ret, lzma_stream_encoder_mt_52)(
                lzma_stream *strm, const lzma_mt *options)
                lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_warn_unused_result;

#define lzma_stream_encoder_mt lzma_stream_encoder_mt_52
#endif
extern LZMA_API(lzma_ret)
lzma_stream_encoder_mt(lzma_stream *strm, const lzma_mt *options)
{
        lzma_next_strm_init(stream_encoder_mt_init, strm, options);

        strm->internal->supported_actions[LZMA_RUN] = true;
//      strm->internal->supported_actions[LZMA_SYNC_FLUSH] = true;
        strm->internal->supported_actions[LZMA_FULL_FLUSH] = true;
        strm->internal->supported_actions[LZMA_FULL_BARRIER] = true;
        strm->internal->supported_actions[LZMA_FINISH] = true;

        return LZMA_OK;
}


#ifdef HAVE_SYMBOL_VERSIONS_LINUX
LZMA_SYMVER_API("lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage@XZ_5.1.2alpha",
        uint64_t, lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage_512a)(
        const lzma_mt *options) lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_pure
        __attribute__((__alias__("lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage_52")));

LZMA_SYMVER_API("lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage@XZ_5.2.2",
        uint64_t, lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage_522)(
        const lzma_mt *options) lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_pure
        __attribute__((__alias__("lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage_52")));

LZMA_SYMVER_API("lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage@@XZ_5.2",
        uint64_t, lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage_52)(
        const lzma_mt *options) lzma_nothrow lzma_attr_pure;

#define lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage_52
#endif
// This function name is a monster but it's consistent with the older
// monster names. :-( 31 chars is the max that C99 requires so in that
// sense it's not too long. ;-)
extern LZMA_API(uint64_t)
lzma_stream_encoder_mt_memusage(const lzma_mt *options)
{
        lzma_options_easy easy;
        const lzma_filter *filters;
        uint64_t block_size;
        uint64_t outbuf_size_max;

        if (get_options(options, &easy, &filters, &block_size,
                        &outbuf_size_max) != LZMA_OK)
                return UINT64_MAX;

        // Memory usage of the input buffers
        const uint64_t inbuf_memusage = options->threads * block_size;

        // Memory usage of the filter encoders
        uint64_t filters_memusage = lzma_raw_encoder_memusage(filters);
        if (filters_memusage == UINT64_MAX)
                return UINT64_MAX;

        filters_memusage *= options->threads;

        // Memory usage of the output queue
        const uint64_t outq_memusage = lzma_outq_memusage(
                        outbuf_size_max, options->threads);
        if (outq_memusage == UINT64_MAX)
                return UINT64_MAX;

        // Sum them with overflow checking.
        uint64_t total_memusage = LZMA_MEMUSAGE_BASE
                        + sizeof(lzma_stream_coder)
                        + options->threads * sizeof(worker_thread);

        if (UINT64_MAX - total_memusage < inbuf_memusage)
                return UINT64_MAX;

        total_memusage += inbuf_memusage;

        if (UINT64_MAX - total_memusage < filters_memusage)
                return UINT64_MAX;

        total_memusage += filters_memusage;

        if (UINT64_MAX - total_memusage < outq_memusage)
                return UINT64_MAX;

        return total_memusage + outq_memusage;
}