VirtualBox

Changeset 39331 in vbox for trunk/doc


Ignore:
Timestamp:
Nov 16, 2011 1:06:31 PM (13 years ago)
Author:
vboxsync
Message:

Manual: Put all experimental feature information in one place, slightly updated storage section, un-marked raw disks and non-rotational media reporting as experimental.

Location:
trunk/doc/manual/en_US
Files:
4 edited

Legend:

Unmodified
Added
Removed
  • trunk/doc/manual/en_US/user_AdvancedTopics.xml

    r39020 r39331  
    809809      performance difference for image files vs. raw disk varies greatly
    810810      depending on the overhead of the host file system, whether dynamically
    811       growing images are used and on host OS caching strategies. The caching
     811      growing images are used, and on host OS caching strategies. The caching
    812812      indirectly also affects other aspects such as failure behavior, i.e.
    813813      whether the virtual disk contains all data written before a host OS
     
    828828      defines where the data will be stored. After creating such a special
    829829      VMDK image, you can use it like a regular virtual disk image. For
    830       example, you can use the Virtual Media Manager (<xref linkend="vdis" />)
     830      example, you can use the VirtualBox Manager (<xref linkend="vdis" />)
    831831      or <computeroutput>VBoxManage</computeroutput> to assign the image to a
    832832      virtual machine.</para>
     
    859859        <para>Creating the image requires read/write access for the given
    860860        device. Read/write access is also later needed when using the image
    861         from a virtual machine.</para>
     861        from a virtual machine. On some host platforms (e.g. Windows Vista
     862        and later), raw disk access may be restricted and not permitted by
     863        the host OS in some situations.</para>
    862864
    863865        <para>Just like with regular disk images, this does not automatically
     
    977979      "VBoxInternal/Devices/piix3ide/0/Config/PrimaryMaster/ModelNumber" "model"</screen>
    978980
    979       <para>For hard disks it's also possible (experimental!) to mark the
     981      <para>For hard disks it's also possible to mark the
    980982      drive as having a non-rotational medium with:</para>
    981983
  • trunk/doc/manual/en_US/user_BasicConcepts.xml

    r38047 r39331  
    502502              three PCI buses, PCI-to-PCI bridges and Message Signalled
    503503              Interrupts (MSI). This allows modern operating systems to
    504               address more PCI devices and no longer requires IRQ
    505               sharing.</para>
     504              address more PCI devices and no longer requires IRQ sharing.
     505              Note that the ICH9 support is experimental and not recommended
     506              for guest operating systems which do not require it.</para>
    506507            </glossdef>
    507508          </glossentry>
  • trunk/doc/manual/en_US/user_KnownIssues.xml

    r39177 r39331  
    44<chapter id="KnownIssues">
    55  <title>Known limitations</title>
    6 
    7   <para>This sections describes known problems with VirtualBox
    8   $VBOX_VERSION_STRING. Unless marked otherwise, these issues are planned to
    9   be fixed in later releases.</para>
    10 
    11   <itemizedlist>
    12     <listitem>
    13       <para>The following <emphasis role="bold">Guest SMP (multiprocessor)
    14       limitations</emphasis> exist:<itemizedlist>
    15           <listitem>
    16             <para><emphasis role="bold">Poor performance</emphasis> with
    17             32-bit guests on AMD CPUs. This affects mainly Windows and Solaris
    18             guests, but possibly also some Linux kernel revisions. Partially
    19             solved in 3.0.6 for 32 bits Windows NT, 2000, XP and 2003 guests.
    20             Requires 3.0.6 or higher Guest Additions to be installed.</para>
    21           </listitem>
    22 
    23           <listitem>
    24             <para><emphasis role="bold">Poor performance</emphasis> with
    25             32-bit guests on certain Intel CPU models that do not include
    26             virtual APIC hardware optimization support. This affects mainly
    27             Windows and Solaris guests, but possibly also some Linux kernel
    28             revisions. Partially solved in 3.0.12 for 32 bits Windows NT,
    29             2000, XP and 2003 guests. Requires 3.0.12 or higher Guest
    30             Additions to be installed.</para>
    31           </listitem>
    32         </itemizedlist></para>
    33     </listitem>
    34 
    35     <listitem>
    36       <para><emphasis role="bold">64-bit guests on some 32-bit host systems
    37       with VT-x</emphasis> can cause instabilities to your system. If you
    38       experience this, do not attempt to execute 64-bit guests. Refer to the
    39       VirtualBox user forum for additional information.</para>
    40     </listitem>
    41 
    42     <listitem>
    43       <para>For <emphasis role="bold">basic Direct3D support in Windows
    44       guests</emphasis> to work, the Guest Additions must be installed in
    45       Windows "safe mode". Press F8 when the Windows guest is booting and
    46       select "Safe mode", then install the Guest Additions. Otherwise Windows'
    47       file protection mechanism will interfere with the replacement DLLs
    48       installed by VirtualBox and keep restoring the original Windows system
    49       DLLs. <note>
    50       <para>This does <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> apply to the
    51       experimental WDDM Direct3D video
    52       driver available for Vista and Windows 7 guests shipped with
    53         VirtualBox 4.1.</para>
    54       </note></para>
    55     </listitem>
    56 
    57     <listitem>
    58       <para><emphasis role="bold">Guest control.</emphasis> On Windows guests,
    59       a process lauched via the guest control execute support will not be able
    60       to display a graphical user interface <emphasis>unless</emphasis> the
    61       user account under which it is running is currently logged in and has a
    62       desktop session.</para>
    63 
    64       <para>Also, to use accounts without or with an empty password, the
    65       guest's group policy must be changed. To do so, open the group policy
    66       editor on the command line by typing
    67       <computeroutput>gpedit.msc</computeroutput>, open the key
    68       <emphasis>Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security
    69       Settings\Local Policies\Security Options</emphasis> and change the value
    70       of <emphasis>Accounts: Limit local account use of blank passwords to
    71       console logon only</emphasis> to <emphasis>Disabled</emphasis>.</para>
    72     </listitem>
    73 
    74     <listitem>
    75       <para><emphasis role="bold">Compacting virtual disk images is limited to
    76       VDI files.</emphasis> The <code>VBoxManage modifyhd --compact</code>
    77       command is currently only implemented for VDI files. At the moment the
    78       only way to optimize the size of a virtual disk images in other formats
    79       (VMDK, VHD) is to clone the image and then use the cloned image in the
    80       VM configuration.</para>
    81     </listitem>
    82 
    83     <listitem>
    84       <para><emphasis role="bold">OVF import/export:</emphasis><itemizedlist>
    85           <listitem>
    86             <para>OVF localization (multiple languages in one OVF file) is not
    87             yet supported.</para>
    88           </listitem>
    89 
    90           <listitem>
    91             <para>Some OVF sections like StartupSection,
    92             DeploymentOptionSection and InstallSection are ignored.</para>
    93           </listitem>
    94 
    95           <listitem>
    96             <para>OVF environment documents, including their property sections
    97             and appliance configuration with ISO images, are not yet
    98             supported.</para>
    99           </listitem>
    100 
    101           <listitem>
    102             <para>Remote files via HTTP or other mechanisms are not yet
    103             supported.</para>
    104           </listitem>
    105         </itemizedlist></para>
    106     </listitem>
    107 
    108     <listitem>
    109       <para>Neither <emphasis role="bold">scale mode</emphasis> nor <emphasis
    110       role="bold">seamless mode</emphasis> work correctly with guests using
    111       OpenGL 3D features (such as with compiz-enabled window managers).</para>
    112     </listitem>
    113 
    114     <listitem>
    115       <para>Preserving the aspect ratio in scale mode works only on Windows
    116       hosts and on Mac OS X hosts.</para>
    117     </listitem>
    118 
    119     <listitem>
    120       <para>On <emphasis role="bold">Mac OS X hosts,</emphasis> the following
    121       features are not yet implemented:</para>
    122 
    123       <para><itemizedlist>
    124           <listitem>
    125             <para>Numlock emulation</para>
    126           </listitem>
    127 
    128           <listitem>
    129             <para>CPU frequency metric</para>
    130           </listitem>
    131 
    132           <listitem>
    133             <para>Memory ballooning</para>
    134           </listitem>
    135         </itemizedlist></para>
    136     </listitem>
    137 
    138     <listitem>
    139       <para><emphasis role="bold">Mac OS X Server guests:</emphasis>
     6    <sect1 id="ExperimentalFeatures">
     7        <title>Experimental Features</title>
     8        <para>Some VirtualBox features are labeled as experimental. Such
     9            features are provided on an "as-is" basis and are not formally
     10            supported. However, feedback and suggestions about such features are
     11            welcome. A comprehensive list of experimental features follows:</para>
     12        <itemizedlist>
     13            <listitem>
     14                WDDM Direct3D video driver for Windows guests
     15            </listitem>
     16            <listitem>
     17                Hardware 3D acceleration support for Windows, Linux, and Solaris
     18                guests
     19            </listitem>
     20            <listitem>
     21                Hardware 2D video playback acceleration support for Windows
     22                guests
     23            </listitem>
     24            <listitem>
     25                PCI pass-through (Linux hosts only)
     26            </listitem>
     27            <listitem>
     28                Mac OS X guests (Mac hosts only)
     29            </listitem>
     30            <listitem>
     31                ICH9 chipset emulation
     32            </listitem>
     33            <listitem>
     34                EFI firmware
     35            </listitem>
     36            <listitem>
     37                Host CD/DVD drive pass-through
     38            </listitem>
     39            <listitem>
     40                Support of iSCSI via internal networking
     41            </listitem>
     42        </itemizedlist>
     43    </sect1>
     44    <sect1 id="KnownProblems">
     45      <title>Known Issues</title>
     46      <para>The following section describes known problems with VirtualBox
     47      $VBOX_VERSION_STRING. Unless marked otherwise, these issues are planned to
     48      be fixed in later releases.</para>
     49   
    14050      <itemizedlist>
    141           <listitem>
    142             <para>Mac OS X Server guests can only run on a certain host
    143             hardware. For details about license and host hardware limitations,
    144             please see <xref linkend="intro-macosxguests" />.</para>
    145           </listitem>
    146 
    147           <listitem>
    148             <para>VirtualBox does not provide Guest Additions for Mac OS X
    149             Server at this time.</para>
    150           </listitem>
    151 
    152           <listitem>
    153             <para>The graphics resolution currently defaults to 1024x768 as
    154             Mac OS X Server falls back to the built-in EFI display support.
    155             See <xref linkend="efividmode" /> for more information on how to
    156             change EFI video modes.</para>
    157           </listitem>
    158 
    159           <listitem>
    160             <para>Even when idle, Mac OS X Server guests currently burn 100%
    161             CPU. This is a power management issue that will be addressed in a
    162             future release.</para>
    163           </listitem>
    164 
    165           <listitem>
    166             <para>Mac OS X Server guests only work with one CPU assigned to
    167             the VM. Support for SMP will be provided in a future
    168             release.</para>
    169           </listitem>
    170 
    171           <listitem>
    172             <para>Depending on your system and version of Mac OS X Server, you
    173             might experience guest hangs after some time. This can be fixed by
    174             turning off energy saving (set timeout to "Never") in the system
    175             preferences.</para>
    176           </listitem>
    177 
    178           <listitem>
    179             <para>By default, the VirtualBox EFI enables debug output of the
    180             Mac OS X Server kernel to help you diagnose boot problems. Note
    181             that there is a lot of output and not all errors are fatal (they
    182             would also show on your physical Mac). You can turn off these
    183             messages by issuing this command:<screen>VBoxManage setextradata "VM name" "VBoxInternal2/EfiBootArgs" "  "</screen>To
    184             revert to the previous behavior, use:<screen>VBoxManage setextradata "VM name" "VBoxInternal2/EfiBootArgs" ""</screen></para>
    185           </listitem>
    186         </itemizedlist></para>
    187     </listitem>
    188 
    189     <listitem>
    190       <para><emphasis role="bold">Solaris hosts:</emphasis> <itemizedlist>
    191           <listitem>
    192             <para>There is no support for USB devices connected to Solaris 10
    193             hosts.</para>
    194           </listitem>
    195 
    196           <listitem>
    197             <para>USB support on Solaris hosts requires Solaris 11 version
    198             snv_124 or higher. Webcams and other isochronous devices are known
    199             to have poor performance.</para>
    200           </listitem>
    201 
    202           <listitem>
    203             <para>No ACPI information (battery status, power source) is
    204             reported to the guest.</para>
    205           </listitem>
    206 
    207           <listitem>
    208             <para>No support for using wireless adapters with bridged
    209             networking.</para>
    210           </listitem>
    211 
    212           <listitem>
    213             <para>Crossbow based bridged networking on Solaris 11 hosts does
    214             not work directly with aggregate links. However, you can manually
    215             create a VNIC (using <computeroutput>dladm</computeroutput>) over
    216             the aggregate link and use that with a VM. This technical
    217             limitation between VirtualBox and Solaris will be addressed in a
    218             future release.</para>
    219           </listitem>
    220         </itemizedlist></para>
    221     </listitem>
    222    
    223     <listitem>
    224       <para><emphasis role="bold">Guest Additions of version 4.1, 4.1.2 and 4.1.4 for Windows</emphasis>
    225       Thus VirtualBox WDDM Video driver may be installed and kept in guest system
    226       if Guest additions uninstallation is performed.
    227       This is caused by a bug in Guest Additions uninstaller.
    228       <note>
    229         <para>This does <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> apply to Guest Additions update,
    230         i.e. installing a one version of Guest Additions on top of another works correctly.</para>
    231       </note>
    232       To solve this problem, one should uninstall the VirtualBox WDDM Video driver manually.
    233       To do that open Device Manager, and check whether the Display Adapter is named
    234       "VirtualBox Graphics Adapter ..". If no - there is nothing to be done. If yes - right-clik
    235       the VirtualBox Graphics Adapter in Device Manager, select "Uninstall", check "Delete the driver software for this device"
    236       and click "OK". Once uninstallation is done - in Device Manager go to menu "Action" and select
    237       "Scan for hardware changes" to make the propper (Windows default) driver be picked up for the Graphics adapter.
    238       </para>
    239     </listitem>
    240 
    241     <listitem>
    242       <para><emphasis role="bold">Guest Additions for OS/2.</emphasis> Shared
    243       folders are not yet supported with OS/2 guests. In addition, seamless
    244       windows and automatic guest resizing will probably never be implemented
    245       due to inherent limitations of the OS/2 graphics system.</para>
    246     </listitem>
    247   </itemizedlist>
     51        <listitem>
     52          <para>The following <emphasis role="bold">Guest SMP (multiprocessor)
     53          limitations</emphasis> exist:<itemizedlist>
     54              <listitem>
     55                <para><emphasis role="bold">Poor performance</emphasis> with
     56                32-bit guests on AMD CPUs. This affects mainly Windows and Solaris
     57                guests, but possibly also some Linux kernel revisions. Partially
     58                solved in 3.0.6 for 32 bits Windows NT, 2000, XP and 2003 guests.
     59                Requires 3.0.6 or higher Guest Additions to be installed.</para>
     60              </listitem>
     61   
     62              <listitem>
     63                <para><emphasis role="bold">Poor performance</emphasis> with
     64                32-bit guests on certain Intel CPU models that do not include
     65                virtual APIC hardware optimization support. This affects mainly
     66                Windows and Solaris guests, but possibly also some Linux kernel
     67                revisions. Partially solved in 3.0.12 for 32 bits Windows NT,
     68                2000, XP and 2003 guests. Requires 3.0.12 or higher Guest
     69                Additions to be installed.</para>
     70              </listitem>
     71            </itemizedlist></para>
     72        </listitem>
     73   
     74        <listitem>
     75          <para><emphasis role="bold">64-bit guests on some 32-bit host systems
     76          with VT-x</emphasis> can cause instabilities to your system. If you
     77          experience this, do not attempt to execute 64-bit guests. Refer to the
     78          VirtualBox user forum for additional information.</para>
     79        </listitem>
     80   
     81        <listitem>
     82          <para>For <emphasis role="bold">basic Direct3D support in Windows
     83          guests</emphasis> to work, the Guest Additions must be installed in
     84          Windows "safe mode". Press F8 when the Windows guest is booting and
     85          select "Safe mode", then install the Guest Additions. Otherwise Windows'
     86          file protection mechanism will interfere with the replacement DLLs
     87          installed by VirtualBox and keep restoring the original Windows system
     88          DLLs. <note>
     89          <para>This does <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> apply to the
     90          experimental WDDM Direct3D video
     91          driver available for Vista and Windows 7 guests shipped with
     92            VirtualBox 4.1.</para>
     93          </note></para>
     94        </listitem>
     95   
     96        <listitem>
     97          <para><emphasis role="bold">Guest control.</emphasis> On Windows guests,
     98          a process lauched via the guest control execute support will not be able
     99          to display a graphical user interface <emphasis>unless</emphasis> the
     100          user account under which it is running is currently logged in and has a
     101          desktop session.</para>
     102   
     103          <para>Also, to use accounts without or with an empty password, the
     104          guest's group policy must be changed. To do so, open the group policy
     105          editor on the command line by typing
     106          <computeroutput>gpedit.msc</computeroutput>, open the key
     107          <emphasis>Computer Configuration\Windows Settings\Security
     108          Settings\Local Policies\Security Options</emphasis> and change the value
     109          of <emphasis>Accounts: Limit local account use of blank passwords to
     110          console logon only</emphasis> to <emphasis>Disabled</emphasis>.</para>
     111        </listitem>
     112   
     113        <listitem>
     114          <para><emphasis role="bold">Compacting virtual disk images is limited to
     115          VDI files.</emphasis> The <code>VBoxManage modifyhd --compact</code>
     116          command is currently only implemented for VDI files. At the moment the
     117          only way to optimize the size of a virtual disk images in other formats
     118          (VMDK, VHD) is to clone the image and then use the cloned image in the
     119          VM configuration.</para>
     120        </listitem>
     121   
     122        <listitem>
     123          <para><emphasis role="bold">OVF import/export:</emphasis><itemizedlist>
     124              <listitem>
     125                <para>OVF localization (multiple languages in one OVF file) is not
     126                yet supported.</para>
     127              </listitem>
     128   
     129              <listitem>
     130                <para>Some OVF sections like StartupSection,
     131                DeploymentOptionSection and InstallSection are ignored.</para>
     132              </listitem>
     133   
     134              <listitem>
     135                <para>OVF environment documents, including their property sections
     136                and appliance configuration with ISO images, are not yet
     137                supported.</para>
     138              </listitem>
     139   
     140              <listitem>
     141                <para>Remote files via HTTP or other mechanisms are not yet
     142                supported.</para>
     143              </listitem>
     144            </itemizedlist></para>
     145        </listitem>
     146   
     147        <listitem>
     148          <para>Neither <emphasis role="bold">scale mode</emphasis> nor <emphasis
     149          role="bold">seamless mode</emphasis> work correctly with guests using
     150          OpenGL 3D features (such as with compiz-enabled window managers).</para>
     151        </listitem>
     152   
     153        <listitem>
     154          <para>Preserving the aspect ratio in scale mode works only on Windows
     155          hosts and on Mac OS X hosts.</para>
     156        </listitem>
     157   
     158        <listitem>
     159          <para>On <emphasis role="bold">Mac OS X hosts,</emphasis> the following
     160          features are not yet implemented:</para>
     161   
     162          <para><itemizedlist>
     163              <listitem>
     164                <para>Numlock emulation</para>
     165              </listitem>
     166   
     167              <listitem>
     168                <para>CPU frequency metric</para>
     169              </listitem>
     170   
     171              <listitem>
     172                <para>Memory ballooning</para>
     173              </listitem>
     174            </itemizedlist></para>
     175        </listitem>
     176   
     177        <listitem>
     178          <para><emphasis role="bold">Mac OS X Server guests:</emphasis>
     179          <itemizedlist>
     180              <listitem>
     181                <para>Mac OS X Server guests can only run on a certain host
     182                hardware. For details about license and host hardware limitations,
     183                please see <xref linkend="intro-macosxguests" />.</para>
     184              </listitem>
     185   
     186              <listitem>
     187                <para>VirtualBox does not provide Guest Additions for Mac OS X
     188                Server at this time.</para>
     189              </listitem>
     190   
     191              <listitem>
     192                <para>The graphics resolution currently defaults to 1024x768 as
     193                Mac OS X Server falls back to the built-in EFI display support.
     194                See <xref linkend="efividmode" /> for more information on how to
     195                change EFI video modes.</para>
     196              </listitem>
     197   
     198              <listitem>
     199                <para>Even when idle, Mac OS X Server guests currently burn 100%
     200                CPU. This is a power management issue that will be addressed in a
     201                future release.</para>
     202              </listitem>
     203   
     204              <listitem>
     205                <para>Mac OS X Server guests only work with one CPU assigned to
     206                the VM. Support for SMP will be provided in a future
     207                release.</para>
     208              </listitem>
     209   
     210              <listitem>
     211                <para>Depending on your system and version of Mac OS X Server, you
     212                might experience guest hangs after some time. This can be fixed by
     213                turning off energy saving (set timeout to "Never") in the system
     214                preferences.</para>
     215              </listitem>
     216   
     217              <listitem>
     218                <para>By default, the VirtualBox EFI enables debug output of the
     219                Mac OS X Server kernel to help you diagnose boot problems. Note
     220                that there is a lot of output and not all errors are fatal (they
     221                would also show on your physical Mac). You can turn off these
     222                messages by issuing this command:<screen>VBoxManage setextradata "VM name" "VBoxInternal2/EfiBootArgs" "  "</screen>To
     223                revert to the previous behavior, use:<screen>VBoxManage setextradata "VM name" "VBoxInternal2/EfiBootArgs" ""</screen></para>
     224              </listitem>
     225            </itemizedlist></para>
     226        </listitem>
     227   
     228        <listitem>
     229          <para><emphasis role="bold">Solaris hosts:</emphasis> <itemizedlist>
     230              <listitem>
     231                <para>There is no support for USB devices connected to Solaris 10
     232                hosts.</para>
     233              </listitem>
     234   
     235              <listitem>
     236                <para>USB support on Solaris hosts requires Solaris 11 version
     237                snv_124 or higher. Webcams and other isochronous devices are known
     238                to have poor performance.</para>
     239              </listitem>
     240   
     241              <listitem>
     242                <para>No ACPI information (battery status, power source) is
     243                reported to the guest.</para>
     244              </listitem>
     245   
     246              <listitem>
     247                <para>No support for using wireless adapters with bridged
     248                networking.</para>
     249              </listitem>
     250   
     251              <listitem>
     252                <para>Crossbow based bridged networking on Solaris 11 hosts does
     253                not work directly with aggregate links. However, you can manually
     254                create a VNIC (using <computeroutput>dladm</computeroutput>) over
     255                the aggregate link and use that with a VM. This technical
     256                limitation between VirtualBox and Solaris will be addressed in a
     257                future release.</para>
     258              </listitem>
     259            </itemizedlist></para>
     260        </listitem>
     261       
     262        <listitem>
     263          <para><emphasis role="bold">Guest Additions of version 4.1, 4.1.2 and 4.1.4 for Windows</emphasis>
     264          Thus VirtualBox WDDM Video driver may be installed and kept in guest system
     265          if Guest additions uninstallation is performed.
     266          This is caused by a bug in Guest Additions uninstaller.
     267          <note>
     268            <para>This does <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> apply to Guest Additions update,
     269            i.e. installing a one version of Guest Additions on top of another works correctly.</para>
     270          </note>
     271          To solve this problem, one should uninstall the VirtualBox WDDM Video driver manually.
     272          To do that open Device Manager, and check whether the Display Adapter is named
     273          "VirtualBox Graphics Adapter ..". If no - there is nothing to be done. If yes - right-clik
     274          the VirtualBox Graphics Adapter in Device Manager, select "Uninstall", check "Delete the driver software for this device"
     275          and click "OK". Once uninstallation is done - in Device Manager go to menu "Action" and select
     276          "Scan for hardware changes" to make the propper (Windows default) driver be picked up for the Graphics adapter.
     277          </para>
     278        </listitem>
     279   
     280        <listitem>
     281          <para><emphasis role="bold">Guest Additions for OS/2.</emphasis> Shared
     282          folders are not yet supported with OS/2 guests. In addition, seamless
     283          windows and automatic guest resizing will probably never be implemented
     284          due to inherent limitations of the OS/2 graphics system.</para>
     285        </listitem>
     286      </itemizedlist>
     287    </sect1>
    248288</chapter>
  • trunk/doc/manual/en_US/user_Storage.xml

    r38503 r39331  
    2424
    2525    <listitem>
    26       <para>Finally, as an experimental feature, you can allow a virtual
     26      <para>Finally, as an advanced feature, you can allow a virtual
    2727      machine to access one of your host disks directly; this advanced feature
    2828      is described in <xref linkend="rawdisk" />.</para>
     
    5050      </footnote><itemizedlist>
    5151        <listitem>
    52           <para><emphasis role="bold">IDE (ATA)</emphasis> controllers have
    53           been in use since the 1980s. Initially, this type of interface
     52          <para><emphasis role="bold">IDE (ATA)</emphasis> controllers are a
     53          backwards compatible yet very advanced extension of the disk
     54          controller in the IBM PC/AT (1984). Initially, this interface
    5455          worked only with hard disks, but was later extended to also support
    5556          CD-ROM drives and other types of removable media. In physical PCs,
    5657          this standard uses flat ribbon parallel cables with 40 or 80 wires.
    5758          Each such cable can connect two devices to a controller, which have
    58           traditionally been called "master" and "slave". Typical hard disk
    59           controllers have two connectors for such cables; as a result, most
    60           PCs support up to four devices.</para>
    61 
    62           <para>In VirtualBox, each virtual machine has one IDE controller
    63           enabled by default, which gives you up to four virtual storage
     59          traditionally been called "master" and "slave". Typical PCs had
     60          two connectors for such cables; as a result, support for up to four
     61          IDE devices was most common.</para>
     62
     63          <para>In VirtualBox, each virtual machine may have one IDE
     64          contoller enabled, which gives you up to four virtual storage
    6465          devices that you can attach to the machine. (By default, one of
    6566          these four -- the secondary master -- is preconfigured to be the
     
    7273
    7374          <para>So even if your guest operating system has no support for SCSI
    74           or SATA devices, it should always be able to see the default IDE
    75           controller that is enabled by default.</para>
     75          or SATA devices, it should always be able to see an IDE controller.
     76          </para>
    7677
    7778          <para>You can also select which exact type of IDE controller
     
    8081          but if you import a virtual machine from another virtualization
    8182          product, the operating system in that machine may expect a
    82           particular controller and crash if it isn't found.</para>
     83          particular controller type and crash if it isn't found.</para>
    8384
    8485          <para>After you have created a new virtual machine with the "New
     
    9293          <para><emphasis role="bold">Serial ATA (SATA)</emphasis> is a newer
    9394          standard introduced in 2003. Compared to IDE, it supports both much
    94           higher speeds and more devices per hard disk controller. Also, with
     95          higher speeds and more devices per controller. Also, with
    9596          physical hardware, devices can be added and removed while the system
    9697          is running. The standard interface for SATA controllers is called
     
    124125              AHCI. In particular, <emphasis role="bold">there is no support
    125126              for AHCI in Windows before Windows Vista</emphasis>, so Windows
    126               XP (even SP2) will not see such disks unless you install
     127              XP (even SP3) will not see such disks unless you install
    127128              additional drivers. It is possible to switch from IDE to SATA
    128129              after installation by installing the SATA drivers and changing
     
    195196            operating systems with device support for it. In particular,
    196197            <emphasis role="bold">there is no support for SAS in Windows
    197             before Windows Vista</emphasis>, so Windows XP (even SP2) will not
     198            before Windows Vista</emphasis>, so Windows XP (even SP3) will not
    198199            see such disks unless you install additional drivers.</para>
    199200          </warning>
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