| 1 | <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE topic PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Topic//EN" "topic.dtd">
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| 3 | <topic xml:lang="en-us" id="networkingmodes">
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| 4 | <title>Introduction to Networking Modes</title>
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| 5 |
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| 6 | <body>
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| 7 | <p>Each of the networking adapters can be separately configured to operate in one of the following modes: </p>
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| 8 | <ul>
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| 9 | <li>
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| 10 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Not attached.</b> In this mode,
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| 11 | <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/product-name"/> reports to the guest that a network card is
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| 12 | present, but that there is no connection. This is as if no
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| 13 | Ethernet cable was plugged into the card. Using this mode, it
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| 14 | is possible to <i>pull</i> the virtual Ethernet
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| 15 | cable and disrupt the connection, which can be useful to
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| 16 | inform a guest operating system that no network connection is
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| 17 | available and enforce a reconfiguration.
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| 18 | </p>
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| 19 | </li>
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| 20 | <li>
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| 21 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Network Address Translation
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| 22 | (NAT)</b>. If all you want is to browse the Web,
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| 23 | download files, and view email inside the guest, then this
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| 24 | default mode should be sufficient for you, and you can skip
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| 25 | the rest of this section. Please note that there are certain
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| 26 | limitations when using Windows file sharing. See
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| 27 | <xref href="nat-limitations.dita#nat-limitations"/>.
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| 28 | </p>
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| 29 | </li>
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| 30 | <li>
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| 31 | <p><b outputclass="bold">NAT Network.</b> A NAT network is
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| 32 | a type of internal network that allows outbound connections.
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| 33 | See <xref href="network_nat_service.dita#network_nat_service"/>.
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| 34 | </p>
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| 35 | </li>
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| 36 | <li>
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| 37 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Bridged networking.</b> This is
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| 38 | for more advanced networking needs, such as network
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| 39 | simulations and running servers in a guest. When enabled,
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| 40 | <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/product-name"/> connects to one of your installed network cards
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| 41 | and exchanges network packets directly, circumventing your
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| 42 | host operating system's network stack.
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| 43 | </p>
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| 44 | </li>
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| 45 | <li>
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| 46 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Internal networking.</b> This can
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| 47 | be used to create a different kind of software-based network
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| 48 | which is visible to selected virtual machines, but not to
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| 49 | applications running on the host or to the outside world.
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| 50 | </p>
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| 51 | </li>
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| 52 | <li>
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| 53 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Host-only networking.</b> This
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| 54 | can be used to create a network containing the host and a set
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| 55 | of virtual machines, without the need for the host's physical
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| 56 | network interface. Instead, a virtual network interface,
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| 57 | similar to a loopback interface, is created on the host,
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| 58 | providing connectivity among virtual machines and the host.
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| 59 | </p>
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| 60 | </li>
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| 61 | <li>
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| 62 | <p><b outputclass="bold">Cloud networking.</b> This can be
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| 63 | used to connect a local VM to a subnet on a remote cloud
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| 64 | service.
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| 65 | </p>
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| 66 | </li>
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| 67 | <li>
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| 68 | <p><b outputclass="bold"> Generic networking.</b> Rarely
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| 69 | used modes which share the same generic network interface, by
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| 70 | allowing the user to select a driver which can be included
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| 71 | with <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/product-name"/> or be distributed in an extension pack.
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| 72 | </p>
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| 73 | <p> The following submodes are available: </p>
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| 74 | <ul>
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| 75 | <li>
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| 76 | <p><b outputclass="bold">UDP Tunnel:</b> Used to
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| 77 | interconnect virtual machines running on different hosts
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| 78 | directly, easily, and transparently, over an existing
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| 79 | network infrastructure.
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| 80 | </p>
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| 81 | </li>
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| 82 | <li>
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| 83 | <p><b outputclass="bold">VDE (Virtual Distributed Ethernet)
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| 84 | networking:</b> Used to connect to a Virtual
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| 85 | Distributed Ethernet switch on a Linux or a FreeBSD host.
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| 86 | At the moment this option requires compilation of
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| 87 | <ph conkeyref="vbox-conkeyref-phrases/product-name"/> from sources, as the Oracle packages do not
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| 88 | include it.
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| 89 | </p>
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| 90 | </li>
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| 91 | </ul>
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| 92 | </li>
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| 93 | </ul>
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| 94 | <p>The following table provides an overview of the most important networking modes. </p>
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| 95 | <table id="table-networking-modes">
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| 96 | <title>Overview of Networking Modes</title>
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| 97 | <desc>Overview of Networking Modes</desc>
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| 98 | <tgroup cols="6">
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| 99 | <colspec align="left"/>
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| 100 | <colspec align="center"/>
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| 101 | <colspec align="center"/>
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| 102 | <colspec align="center"/>
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| 103 | <colspec align="center"/>
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| 104 | <colspec align="center"/>
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| 105 | <thead valign="middle">
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| 106 | <row>
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| 107 | <entry>
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| 108 | <b outputclass="bold">Mode</b>
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| 109 | </entry>
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| 110 | <entry>
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| 111 | <p>
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| 112 | <b outputclass="bold">VM→Host</b>
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| 113 | </p>
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| 114 | </entry>
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| 115 | <entry>
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| 116 | <p>
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| 117 | <b outputclass="bold">VM←Host</b>
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| 118 | </p>
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| 119 | </entry>
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| 120 | <entry>
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| 121 | <p>
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| 122 | <b outputclass="bold">VM1↔VM2</b>
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| 123 | </p>
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| 124 | </entry>
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| 125 | <entry>
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| 126 | <p>
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| 127 | <b outputclass="bold">VM→Net/LAN</b>
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| 128 | </p>
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| 129 | </entry>
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| 130 | <entry>
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| 131 | <p>
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| 132 | <b outputclass="bold">VM←Net/LAN</b>
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| 133 | </p>
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| 134 | </entry>
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| 135 | </row>
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| 136 | </thead>
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| 137 | <tbody valign="middle">
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| 138 | <row>
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| 139 | <entry>
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| 140 | <p>
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| 141 | Host-only
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| 142 | </p>
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| 143 | </entry>
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| 144 | <entry>
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| 145 | <p>
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| 146 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 147 | </p>
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| 148 | </entry>
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| 149 | <entry>
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| 150 | <p>
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| 151 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 152 | </p>
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| 153 | </entry>
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| 154 | <entry align="center">
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| 155 | <p>
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| 156 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 157 | </p>
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| 158 | </entry>
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| 159 | <entry>
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| 160 | <p>
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| 161 | –
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| 162 | </p>
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| 163 | </entry>
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| 164 | <entry>
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| 165 | <p>
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| 166 | –
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| 167 | </p>
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| 168 | </entry>
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| 169 | </row>
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| 170 | <row>
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| 171 | <entry>
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| 172 | <p>
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| 173 | Internal
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| 174 | </p>
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| 175 | </entry>
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| 176 | <entry>
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| 177 | <p>
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| 178 | –
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| 179 | </p>
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| 180 | </entry>
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| 181 | <entry>
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| 182 | <p>
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| 183 | –
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| 184 | </p>
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| 185 | </entry>
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| 186 | <entry>
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| 187 | <p>
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| 188 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 189 | </p>
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| 190 | </entry>
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| 191 | <entry>
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| 192 | <p>
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| 193 | –
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| 194 | </p>
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| 195 | </entry>
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| 196 | <entry>
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| 197 | <p>
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| 198 | –
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| 199 | </p>
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| 200 | </entry>
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| 201 | </row>
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| 202 | <row>
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| 203 | <entry>
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| 204 | <p>
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| 205 | Bridged
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| 206 | </p>
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| 207 | </entry>
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| 208 | <entry>
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| 209 | <p>
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| 210 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 211 | </p>
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| 212 | </entry>
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| 213 | <entry>
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| 214 | <p>
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| 215 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 216 | </p>
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| 217 | </entry>
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| 218 | <entry>
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| 219 | <p>
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| 220 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 221 | </p>
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| 222 | </entry>
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| 223 | <entry>
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| 224 | <p>
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| 225 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 226 | </p>
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| 227 | </entry>
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| 228 | <entry>
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| 229 | <p>
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| 230 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 231 | </p>
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| 232 | </entry>
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| 233 | </row>
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| 234 | <row>
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| 235 | <entry>
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| 236 | <p>
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| 237 | NAT
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| 238 | </p>
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| 239 | </entry>
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| 240 | <entry>
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| 241 | <p>
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| 242 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 243 | </p>
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| 244 | </entry>
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| 245 | <entry>
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| 246 | <p>
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| 247 | <xref href="natforward.dita#natforward">Port forward</xref>
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| 248 | </p>
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| 249 | </entry>
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| 250 | <entry>
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| 251 | <p>
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| 252 | –
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| 253 | </p>
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| 254 | </entry>
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| 255 | <entry>
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| 256 | <p>
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| 257 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 258 | </p>
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| 259 | </entry>
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| 260 | <entry>
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| 261 | <p>
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| 262 | <xref href="natforward.dita#natforward">Port forward</xref>
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| 263 | </p>
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| 264 | </entry>
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| 265 | </row>
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| 266 | <row>
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| 267 | <entry>
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| 268 | <p>
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| 269 | NATservice
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| 270 | </p>
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| 271 | </entry>
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| 272 | <entry>
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| 273 | <p>
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| 274 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 275 | </p>
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| 276 | </entry>
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| 277 | <entry>
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| 278 | <p>
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| 279 | <xref href="network_nat_service.dita#network_nat_service">Port forward</xref>
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| 280 | </p>
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| 281 | </entry>
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| 282 | <entry>
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| 283 | <p>
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| 284 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 285 | </p>
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| 286 | </entry>
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| 287 | <entry>
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| 288 | <p>
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| 289 | <b outputclass="bold">+</b>
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| 290 | </p>
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| 291 | </entry>
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| 292 | <entry>
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| 293 | <p>
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| 294 | <xref href="network_nat_service.dita#network_nat_service">Port forward</xref>
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| 295 | </p>
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| 296 | </entry>
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| 297 | </row>
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| 298 | </tbody>
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| 299 | </tgroup>
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| 300 | </table>
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| 301 | <p>The following sections describe the available network modes in more detail. </p>
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| 302 | </body>
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| 303 |
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| 304 | </topic>
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